Page 3 - Testosterone Side Effect Management

The Importance of PSA Testing The Prostate-specific antigen or PSA test is a blood test that can be used as a measurement of prostate health. According to a March 2009 European study published in the New England Journal of Medicine (1), the PSA test is not only a valid screening test for prostate cancer but could also significantly reduces mortality from this disease in middle-aged men. Table of Contents The Importance of PSA Testing What is a PSA Test? Elevated Prostate Specific Antigen The Significance of Free PSA What if the Test Shows an Elevated PSA level? Getting Tested The PSA Controversy What is a PSA Test? The PSA test was initially approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1986 to track the progression of prostate cancer in individuals who have been previously diagnosed with the disease. In 1994, the use of the PSA test together with a digital rectal exam (DRE) was approved by the FDA to test asymptomatic men for prostate cancer. Men who experience prostate symptoms will usually undergo a PSA test (with a DRE) to help a urologist determine what’s causing the problem. Elevated Prostate Specific Antigen Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a protein secreted by healthy, as well as cancerous cells in the prostate gland. A PSA test is commonly used to measure the level of this protein in someone’s blood. This test is conducted by taking a blood sample and sending it to a laboratory for analysis. PSA test results are typically recorded as nanograms of PSA per milliliter (ng/mL) of blood. In men with prostate cancer, the blood level of PSA is frequently elevated. Although research does indicate that having an elevated PSA level does not always mean that a man has prostate cancer (2). PSA levels may also become elevated because of benign enlargement of the prostate gland as well as prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate) due to infection. It’s crucial to emphasize that a PSA test is not a specific prostate cancer test, but it’s a critical first step in checking for the possible presence of prostate cancer. There are other factors that could cause your PSA levels to increase (3): Advancing age; PSA levels tend to rise with age. Inflammation of the prostate gland, from either infection or some other undetermined cause. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH); also called an enlarged prostate. A larger prostate has more cells secreting PSA, increasing the odds for an elevated PSA level. Prostate cells could be inflamed by a Urinary tract infection, causing PSA levels to go up. Ejaculation can cause a mild elevation in the PSA score, but levels return to normal after only a few days. The recommendation is that men abstain from sex for at least 48 hours before PSA testing Anything that might cause trauma to the prostate like; bike riding, catheter insertion into the bladder, prostate biopsy, or cystoscopy can temporarily increase PSA levels. Conversely, some medicines (Proscar, Avodart, Propecia) (4) could lower your PSA. If you’re taking any of these medications, you should advise your doctor. A PSA level of less than 4.0 ng/mL is considered to be normal, but changes of more than 2.0 ng/mL over a year may indicate that prostate cancer is present (5). The Significance of Free PSA PSA circulates through the body in two ways; bound to other proteins or by itself. Unbound PSA is called free PSA. A free-PSA test will measure the percentage of unbound PSA while a PSA test is used to measure the total of free and bound PSA in the blood (6). The free PSA is a defective variant of normal PSA that can no longer bind to other proteins and so circulates in the blood in the free form. Although the reason why is poorly understood - patients with cancer may have lower free PSA levels than those with a benign prostate condition (6). What if the Test Shows an Elevated PSA level? If someone who isn’t experiencing the symptoms of prostate cancer decides to take a PSA test and discovers that he has an elevated PSA level the urologist could advise him to take another PSA test to confirm the original result. When results show that the PSA level is still elevated, the doctor could then recommend that he continue to be tested and digitally examined at regular intervals to detect changes (if any) over time (6). When the PSA level continues to rise or if a lump is detected during a digital examination, additional tests could be prescribed to discover possible causes (7). These tests can include: Urine test to check for a urinary tract infection Transrectal ultrasound X-rays Cystoscopy If the doctor suspects prostate cancer is present, then a prostate biopsy may be recommended. This procedure is used to collect multiple samples of prostate tissue by inserting hollow needles into the prostate gland and then withdrawing them. Frequently, the needles will be inserted through the wall of the rectum in a procedure called a transrectal biopsy. A pathologist then studies the collected prostate tissue with a microscope. An ultrasound may also be used to view the prostate during the biopsy, although ultrasound alone can’t be used to make a prostate cancer diagnosis. Getting Tested The accepted recommendation is that once a man reaches 40 years of age, he should begin having his prostate checked to establish a baseline for future monitoring. With a baseline set, the doctor can act quickly if PSA level changes indicate a potential problem (8). Unfortunately, many men underestimate the importance of setting a PSA baseline from a younger age. Establishing your baseline PSA level means that if there is even a small change in PSA levels - your doctor can quickly begin the necessary procedures to find out what may be causing the change and commence proper treatment if it’s indicated, possibly saving your life (9). The PSA Controversy The PSA test is not a cancer test. The test is only used to determine the level of PSA in a man’s blood. A high PSA score may indicate the presence of prostate cancer – but there are many factors that can cause PSA levels to be elevated, from infection to resent ejaculation. Another problem is that the PSA test also cannot distinguish between elevated PSA as a result of a benign cancer that will pose no threat in the course of a normal lifetime, or from the presence of an aggressive tumor that poses a much more immediate threat (10). Regardless, current research still indicates that PSA is a valid and proven marker that can be used together with other variables for determining the chance that an aggressive prostate cancer is present (10). References 1) SchröderFH,Hugosson J,Roobol MJ, et al.Screening and prostate cancer mortality in a randomized European study, N Engl J Med, 2009, vol. 360 13(pg. 1320-1328). 2) O'Shaughnessy M, Konety B, Warlick C. Prostate cancer screening: issues and controversies. Minnesota Medicine, August 2010. 3) Mayo Clinic Staff. PSA Test. (N.D.). https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/psa-test/details/risks/cmc-20200313 4) Pannek J, Marks LS, Pearson JD, Rittenhouse HG, Chan DW, Shery ED, Gormley GJ, Subong EN, Kelley CA, Stoner E, Partin AW. Influence of finasteride on free and total serum prostate specific antigen levels in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. The Journal of Urology. 1998. 5) Carter, H. Ballentine et al. “Detection of Life-Threatening Prostate Cancer With Prostate-Specific Antigen Velocity During a Window of Curability.” Journal of the National Cancer Institute 98.21 (2006): 1521–1527. PMC. Web. 24 Nov. 2017. 6) Mione R1, Barioli P, Barichello M, Zattoni F, Prayer-Galetti T, Plebani M, Aimo G, Terrone C, Manferrari F, Madeddu G, Caberlotto L, Fandella A, Pianon C, Vianello L, Gion M. Prostate cancer probability after total PSA and percent free PSA determination. Int J Biol Markers. 1998 Apr-Jun;13(2):77-86. 7) Wilt, Timothy J et al. “Prostate Cancer: Epidemiology and Screening.” Reviews in Urology 5.Suppl 6 (2003): S3–S9. Print. 8) Larsen, Signe Benzon et al. “Baseline PSA Measurements and Subsequent Prostate Cancer Risk in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health Cohort.” European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) 49.14 (2013): 3041–3048. PMC. Web. 24 Nov. 2017. 9) Weight, Christopher J. et al. “Men (Aged 40–49 Years) With a Single Baseline Prostate-Specific Antigen Below 1.0 ng/mL Have a Very Low Long-Term Risk of Prostate Cancer: Results From a Prospectively Screened Population Cohort.” Urology 82.6 (2013): 1211–1217. PMC. Web. 24 Nov. 2017. 10) H Ballentine Carter. Differentiation of lethal and non lethal prostate cancer: PSA and PSA isoforms and kinetics. Asian Journal of Andrology. 2012 May; 14(3): 355–360.  

Are you a bodybuilder looking to maximize your performance and ensure optimal health? Regular bodybuilding blood work is key to achieving these goals. It provides valuable insights into your body's functioning, allowing you to make informed decisions about your training, nutrition, and supplementation. In this blog, we will explore the importance of regular blood work for bodybuilders and how it can help you strike the right balance between performance and health. We'll also address common factors that can affect blood test values in bodybuilders, as well as essential lab tests that every bodybuilder should consider. Don't miss out on this valuable information that can take your bodybuilding journey to new heights. Table of Contents The Importance of Regular Bodybuilding Blood Work Maximizing Performance and Health: A Balance Ergogenic Effects Associated with Anabolic Steroids and High TRT Doses Physician Stigma About PEDs Keeps Bodybuilders From Seeking Care Factors that Affect Blood Test Values in Bodybuilders Anabolic Steroid Use Without Testosterone Can Decrease Testosterone Blood Levels Resistance Exercise Can Increase Liver Enzymes Creatine Supplementation Can Cause Artificial Decreases in Kidney Function as Measured by Creatinine Some Oral Anabolic Steroids and Supplements Can Increase Liver Enzymes and Decrease HDL cholesterol High Doses of Anabolics Can Decrease Ferritin in Bodybuilders Understanding Essential Bodybuilding Blood Work Tests Complete Blood Count (CBC) Hematocrit Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) Lipid Test Panel Cystatin C with EGFR Kidney Test eGFR Kidney Test GGT Liver Test Total Testosterone by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, plus Free Testosterone by Equilibrium Ultrafiltration. Free Testosterone (Equilibrium Ultrafiltration) Test Ultra-Sensitive Estradiol (E2) Test Prolactin Test DHT Test IGF-1 Test Ferritin Test How do these tests help optimize bodybuilding performance? The role of these tests in muscle gain, fat loss, and quality of life How can bodybuilders prepare for these tests? Why is regular bodybuilding blood work essential? How to Buy Affordable Bodybuilding Blood Work on DiscountedLabs.com Conclusion   The Importance of Regular Bodybuilding Blood Work Regular bodybuilding blood work plays a crucial role in monitoring hormone levels and overall health, including high blood pressure. By conducting regular blood tests, bodybuilders can identify potential health issues before they become serious. Additionally, blood work provides valuable insights for optimizing nutrition and supplementation, leading to better performance. Tracking blood markers allows bodybuilders to make informed decisions about their training and recovery strategies. Ultimately, regular blood work is essential for long-term health and longevity in the world of bodybuilding. By staying on top of blood markers like testosterone, hormone levels, glucose, and kidney function, bodybuilders can ensure they are in optimal condition to achieve their goals. Maximizing Performance and Health: A Balance Regular monitoring of bodybuilding blood work, including testosterone tests, is crucial for bodybuilders to maximize their performance and maintain good health. Through regular blood tests, bodybuilders can monitor hormone levels, nutrient deficiencies, and overall organ function. This information is invaluable in making informed adjustments to diet, supplements, and training routines. By maintaining a balance between performance and health, bodybuilders can optimize their training and achieve their goals. Prioritizing health through regular blood work is essential for long-term success and sustainable progress in bodybuilding. It allows bodybuilders to identify any potential imbalances and make the necessary adjustments for optimal performance. By utilizing comprehensive metabolic panels, lipid panels, and hormone level tests, bodybuilders can ensure that their training is effective and their bodies are functioning optimally. Ergogenic Effects Associated with Anabolic Steroids and High TRT Doses   According to a scientific review, the use of anabolic steroids has the following ergogenic effects: ■ Increase in lean body mass ■ Increase in muscle cross-sectional area ■ Decrease in body fat percent ■ Increase muscle strength & power ■ Enhance recovery between workouts ■ Enhance recovery from injury ■ Increase in protein synthesis ■ Increase in muscle endurance ■ Increase in erythropoiesis, hemoglobin, and hematocrit ■ Increase in bone mineral density ■ Increase in glycogen storage ■ Increase in lipolysis ■ Increase in neural transmission ■ Reduced muscle damage ■ Increase in pain tolerance   However, the use of these agents could have the following side effects: Cardiovascular ■ Lipid profile changes ■ Elevated blood pressure ■ Decreased myocardial function Increased in blood viscosity due to high hematocrit Dermatological ■ Acne ■ Male pattern baldness Endocrine ■ Gynecomastia ■ Decreased sperm count ■ Testicular atrophy ■ Impotence and transient infertility Hepatic ■ Increased liver enzymes Renal Decreased kidney function Genitourinary Males ■ Reduced sperm counts ■ Decreased testicular size Females ■ Menstrual irregularities ■ Clitoromegaly ■ Masculinization Males and Females ■ Gynecomastia ■ Libido changes Physician Stigma About PEDs Keeps Bodybuilders From Seeking Care The stigma surrounding performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) frequently makes bodybuilders reluctant to seek medical attention. Many bodybuilders are reluctant to disclose their PED use due to fear of judgment or a lack of understanding from healthcare professionals. This can impede their access to important resources such as regular blood work, which is vital for monitoring health and performance. Healthcare professionals need to be knowledgeable about the potential risks and side effects associated with PEDs in order to provide appropriate care and guidance. Open communication and support between bodybuilders and healthcare professionals can foster collaboration for optimizing performance while minimizing health risks.   Factors that Affect Blood Test Values in Bodybuilders Muscle damage and inflammation can impact blood test results in bodybuilders, as the body's response to intense training can cause temporary changes in certain blood markers. Additionally, high protein intake, which is common among bodybuilders, may affect kidney function and liver enzymes but is not clinically significant, which is concerning to doctors not familiar with this fact. Steroid use can also lead to hormonal imbalances and abnormal blood test results. Dehydration, which can occur during intense workouts or when bodybuilders are cutting weight, can cause changes in electrolyte and blood cell levels. Weight training can also increase certain live enzymes in a non-clinical way. Supplements like creatine can falsely increase serum creatinine, which can alarm certain physicians. It is important for bodybuilders to address any nutritional deficiencies identified through blood testing, as these deficiencies can impact performance and overall health. Anabolic Steroid Use Without Testosterone Can Decrease Testosterone Blood Levels Anabolic steroid use without testosterone can result in a decline in testosterone levels among bodybuilders, leading to low testosterone, or TSH. Testosterone plays a crucial role in muscle growth, recovery, and overall performance in bodybuilding. To ensure optimal health and performance, bodybuilders should regularly monitor their testosterone levels. Consulting with a healthcare professional can help them effectively manage their hormone levels. It is essential to maintain balanced testosterone levels to avoid negative side effects and maximize results. By being proactive in monitoring testosterone levels, bodybuilders can optimize their performance and achieve their desired outcomes. Resistance Exercise Can Increase Liver Enzymes Intense resistance exercise can result in temporary elevations in liver enzymes, including alkaline phosphatase, which is a normal response to muscle damage and repair. It is crucial for bodybuilders to inform their healthcare provider about their exercise routine before getting blood work done. Although elevated liver enzymes due to exercise are typically harmless and resolve on their own, regular monitoring of liver enzymes is essential for bodybuilders to ensure optimal health and performance. By keeping track of liver enzyme levels, bodybuilders can identify any abnormalities early on and take appropriate actions to maintain their liver function. Creatine Supplementation Can Cause Artificial Decreases in Kidney Function as Measured by Creatinine Creatine supplementation can temporarily decrease kidney function markers, leading to lower creatinine and potassium levels in bodybuilders. It is important for bodybuilders to inform their healthcare providers about any dietary supplements before undergoing blood tests. Once creatine supplementation is discontinued, creatinine and potassium levels can normalize. However, monitoring kidney function through multiple biomarkers is essential for an accurate assessment. By incorporating these measures, bodybuilders can ensure that their kidney function is accurately evaluated. Some Oral Anabolic Steroids and Supplements Can Increase Liver Enzymes and Decrease HDL cholesterol Certain oral anabolic steroids used by bodybuilders have the potential to increase liver enzymes and decrease HDL cholesterol levels, leading to an increase in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein. Regular blood tests are vital for bodybuilders who use these oral steroids to monitor their impact on liver function and cholesterol levels. Elevations in liver enzymes can be a sign of liver damage, while decreased HDL cholesterol levels pose a risk for cardiovascular health. Working with a healthcare professional is essential to mitigating these potential risks associated with the use of oral anabolic steroids. By closely monitoring liver health and cholesterol levels, bodybuilders can make informed decisions about their supplementation and take necessary steps to protect their overall health. High Doses of Anabolics Can Decrease Ferritin in Bodybuilders High doses of anabolic steroids can result in decreased ferritin levels among bodybuilders, impacting their overall performance. Ferritin plays a crucial role as a protein that stores iron, and deficiencies can have negative effects on muscle growth and health. To optimize supplementation and monitor ferritin levels, regular blood tests are essential. Consulting with a healthcare professional can provide personalized guidance on maintaining optimal ferritin levels and growth hormone levels. It is important for bodybuilders to be aware of the potential impact of high doses of anabolic steroids on ferritin levels and take proactive measures to ensure balanced hormone levels and nutrition. By prioritizing the monitoring of ferritin levels, bodybuilders can support their muscle growth and overall well-being. Understanding Essential Bodybuilding Blood Work Tests Regular blood work is vital for bodybuilders to monitor their health and optimize their performance. Key lab tests for bodybuilders include hormone levels, liver function, kidney function, and thyroid function. These tests can help identify potential health issues and allow for adjustments in training and nutrition plans. Working with a healthcare professional who specializes in sports medicine or bodybuilding is beneficial to ensure an accurate interpretation of the results. By regularly monitoring hormone levels, such as testosterone and estradiol, bodybuilders can address any imbalances and make necessary adjustments to their supplementation or hormone replacement therapy. Additionally, liver function tests like ALT and AST can assist in identifying any liver abnormalities or damage that may result from the use of anabolic steroids. Kidney function tests, like creatinine and BUN, are crucial for assessing the impact of intense training and supplement use on the kidneys. These lab tests provide valuable insights into a bodybuilder's health and play a crucial role in maintaining optimal performance, including CMP. Complete Blood Count (CBC) A complete blood count (CBC) test panel measures several components of your blood, including Red blood cells, which carry oxygen, White blood cells, which fight infection; hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells; hematocrit, the proportion of red blood cells to the fluid component in your blood (which is correlated with blood thickness); and Platelets, which help with blood clotting. Hematocrit All androgens, like testosterone and AAS, can increase red blood cells and their proportion in the blood (hematocrit), increasing blood thickness (erythrocytosis). High hematocrit can cause high blood pressure, headaches, and cardiovascular risks. This panel is essential since it determines when you reach a hematocrit of 53, indicating that blood donation or therapeutic phlebotomy is needed. Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) The comprehensive metabolic panel, or CMP panel, consists of 14 blood tests that are an initial medical screening tool to review overall health. The CMP blood test panel checks for glucose, kidney function, liver function, electrolytes, and fluid balance. Fasting IS REQUIRED. Lipid Test Panel This panel includes LDL (bad cholesterol), HDL (good cholesterol), and triglycerides (fatty acids dissolved in the blood). Higher doses of T and AAS can increase LDL and decrease HDL and triglycerides. Severely decreased HDL may cause cardiovascular issues in the long term. FASTING IS REQUIRED. Cystatin C with EGFR Kidney Test Since higher muscle mass, protein intake, and creatine supplementation can all affect creatinine as the primary variable, cystatin C is a more accurate way to assess kidney function in people with higher muscle mass. Another one of the measures of kidney function is the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The glomerular filtration rate describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney. Creatinine clearance rate (CCRCr or CrCl) is the volume of blood plasma that is cleared of creatinine per unit of time and is a useful measure for approximating the GFR. eGFR under 60 may indicate issues that are affecting kidney function. eGFR Kidney Test The eGFR kidney test is an important tool for bodybuilders to monitor their kidney health and ensure optimal performance. By measuring how well the kidneys are functioning, this test can help detect any potential kidney issues that may arise, affecting metabolism. It is crucial for bodybuilders to regularly check their eGFR levels, as low levels under 60 can indicate kidney damage or impaired kidney function, which can have a negative impact on performance. Maintaining a healthy eGFR level is essential for overall health and athletic performance. Consulting with a healthcare professional is recommended for interpreting eGFR results and taking the necessary steps to support kidney health. GGT Liver Test The GGT blood test looks for an enzyme, or protein, called gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) in your blood. GGT is found in liver cells. This test helps your doctor look for damage to your liver or its ducts. It can also help tell the difference between liver and bone disease if your results from a different blood test called alkaline phosphatase are abnormal. Higher than-average test results could indicate liver damage from diseases such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, tumors, or pancreatic cancer. The good thing about GGT (unlike liver enzymes included in the CMP like AST and ALT) is that resistance exercise does not affect its value, so it is a more accurate way to detect liver disease in bodybuilders. Total Testosterone by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, plus Free Testosterone by Equilibrium Ultrafiltration. Men with high testosterone cannot use the regular total testosterone test based on immunoassays since it has an upper limit of 1,500 ng/dL. The LC/MS testosterone test does not have an upper limit. Also, some labs offer calculated free testosterone instead of the equilibrium ultrafiltration-based one, which is more accurate for this critical variable. Free Testosterone (Equilibrium Ultrafiltration) Test The equilibrium ultrafiltration test is a precise method used to measure the amount of unbound testosterone in the bloodstream. Free testosterone plays a crucial role in muscle growth, strength, and overall performance for bodybuilders. Monitoring free testosterone levels can provide valuable insights into potential imbalances or deficiencies that may impact training, recovery, and hormone balance. By regularly testing free testosterone, bodybuilders can optimize their training and supplement plans to maximize their performance and health. This test, along with other essential lab tests, helps bodybuilders maintain optimal hormone levels and ensure their body is functioning at its best. Ultra-Sensitive Estradiol (E2) Test The commonly used estradiol test may overestimate estradiol. That test uses immunoassay technology that cannot differentiate C-Reactive Protein (involved in inflammation) from estradiol, so it reads the combination of the two as estradiol. This ultrasensitive estradiol test is based on liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), an assay technology that does not have that limitation. Furthermore, DHT analogs like oxandrolone may dramatically decrease estradiol, causing joint aches and other low estradiol issues. Note: 0.4 percent of total testosterone aromatizes to estradiol. This is the body's way of balancing testosterone's negative effect on lipids with estradiol's beneficial effect. If your total testosterone is high, so is your estradiol. Be very careful in assuming that an aromatase inhibitor is needed. For more information, click on the effect of high and low estradiol on men's health. How to predict estradiol for different testosterone doses. Prolactin Test Many bodybuilders worry about increased prolactin since it has been associated with erectile dysfunction. Regular monitoring of hormone levels is essential for bodybuilders, and the prolactin test plays a crucial role in this process. This test helps detect potential imbalances that can impact performance and overall health. Elevated prolactin levels may indicate issues such as reduced testosterone production or the presence of pituitary gland tumors. Therefore, it is vital for bodybuilders to undergo regular prolactin testing to optimize their performance and maintain their overall well-being. However, interpreting the results accurately requires consultation with healthcare professionals. By keeping prolactin levels in the optimal range, bodybuilders can enhance muscle growth, support recovery, and promote their overall physical and mental well-being. DHT Test This test measures the amount of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in the blood. Low DHT has been associated with low libido, and high DHT has been linked to acne, hair loss, and benign prostatic inflammation in a minority of men. DHT test (LC/MS) measures dihydrotestosterone levels, a hormone linked to muscle growth and male characteristics. It helps bodybuilders evaluate hormonal balance for enhanced performance. Monitoring DHT levels provides insights into potential side effects or risks associated with supplements or steroid use. Regular testing tracks progress and informs decisions on training and supplementation. Discussing results with healthcare professionals creates personalized strategies for goals. IGF-1 Test Insulin-like Growth Factor 1, also known as IGF-1, is used as a biomarker for blood levels of human growth hormone. It is a hormone that the liver and other tissues produce that affects glucose metabolism and growth-promoting activities. Low IGF-1 may impede muscle growth. The IGF-1 test, performed using LC/MS, is a crucial tool for bodybuilders to assess their performance and overall health. This test measures the levels of insulin-like growth factor-1, a hormone that plays a vital role in muscle growth and repair. By analyzing IGF-1 levels, bodybuilders can determine whether they have optimal hormone levels for performance and recovery. Low levels of IGF-1 may indicate potential limitations in muscle growth or underlying health issues. Ferritin Test Ferritin is a protein that stores iron. Red blood cells need iron to form and carry oxygen around your body. Low levels of ferritin lead to anemia. TRT and anabolic steroids make the body make more red blood cells (erythrocytosis). This increased production decreases iron stores and ferritin. Testosterone has been shown to decrease ferritin. Men who use TRT and anabolic steroids and have high hematocrit (increased blood thickness due to TRT or anabolic steroids) frequently donate blood or undergo therapeutic phlebotomy to lower hematocrit. There is a loss of around 30 points of ferritin during every donation. Low ferritin can cause fatigue, restless leg syndrome, muscle aches, and other issues. How do these tests help optimize bodybuilding performance? Bloodwork tests play a crucial role in optimizing bodybuilding performance. They provide valuable insights into hormone levels, nutrient deficiencies, and overall health. By identifying imbalances or deficiencies, bodybuilders can make targeted adjustments to their diet and supplementation, enhancing muscle growth, recovery, and overall performance. Regular blood work helps track progress and make necessary adjustments to training and nutrition protocols. The role of these tests in muscle gain, fat loss, and quality of life Blood tests play a vital role in bodybuilding, specifically when it comes to muscle gain, fat loss, and overall quality of life. These tests provide valuable insights into hormone levels, such as testosterone and cortisol, which are crucial for optimal muscle growth and fat loss. By monitoring these blood markers, bodybuilders can optimize their recovery and prevent overtraining. Additionally, blood work can reveal any nutrient deficiencies that may be hindering progress in muscle gain or fat loss. Moreover, assessing liver and kidney function through blood tests ensures the overall health and longevity of bodybuilders. Regular blood work is essential for identifying potential health risks and allowing for timely intervention to maintain a high quality of life. How can bodybuilders prepare for these tests? To prepare for bodybuilding blood work, it's important for bodybuilders to stay hydrated, avoid strenuous exercise or heavy lifting 48 hours before the test, follow any fasting requirements given by the healthcare provider, and inform them about any supplements or medications being taken. Why is regular bodybuilding blood work essential? Regular monitoring of crucial parameters is essential for bodybuilders. It helps ensure optimal performance and overall health. By tracking hormone levels, liver function, and kidney function, bodybuilders can make informed decisions about their training, nutrition, and supplementation strategies. Regular blood work also provides a baseline for comparison and allows assessment of the effectiveness of lifestyle choices on health and performance. How to Buy Affordable Bodybuilding Blood Work on DiscountedLabs.com To buy affordable bodybuilder blood work on DiscountedLabs.com, simply visit the website and create an account. Then, search for the specific bodybuilder blood work panel you need and add it to your cart. Proceed to checkout and apply any available discount codes before completing your purchase. Bodybuilder Panels Sold by DiscountedLabs.com Bodybuilder Blood Test Panel- Basic Bodybuilder Blood Test Panel- Beginner Bodybuilder Blood Test Panel- Comprehensive Conclusion Regular bodybuilding blood work is essential for maximizing performance and maintaining good health. It helps bodybuilders identify any imbalances or potential health risks caused by their training regimen and performance-enhancing agents. Understanding the importance of these tests and regularly monitoring key parameters such as testosterone levels, kidney function, liver enzymes, and lipid profiles can help bodybuilders optimize their muscle gain, fat loss, and overall quality of life. To ensure accurate results, it is important for bodybuilders to prepare for these tests by following specific guidelines. Regular monitoring of these parameters allows bodybuilders to make adjustments to their training and nutrition plans, minimizing potential risks and improving long-term outcomes. DiscountedLabs.com offers affordable bodybuilder blood work, making it easier for individuals to access these crucial tests. Take charge of your bodybuilding journey and prioritize your health and performance with regular blood work.        

A brief introduction to testosterone and its properties and benefits Testosterone is the most important male sex hormone responsible for correctly functioning multiple body processes. This anabolic steroid is directly involved in developing reproductive organs in men and developing secondary male sexual characteristics. Testosterone plays a vital role in the lives of women, too. Inadequate testosterone amounts can lead to numerous health issues, such as low bone density (and susceptibility to fractures), poor sex drive, and lack of concentration. Table of Contents A brief introduction to testosterone and its properties/benefits What is hypogonadism?   Serum testosterone tests (assays) Types of testosterone fractions in the blood Types of testosterone tests How is testosterone level measured? Dr. Wang's analysis of testosterone assays 4 Types Of Testosterone Tests You Can Buy Today Why should you test your testosterone levels? How to get a testosterone test? Normal testosterone levels in men are between 300 ng/dL and 1,000 ng/dL. Normal testosterone levels in women are usually between 15 ng/dL and 70 ng/dL. This number varies depending on various factors such as the moment of the day, mood, diet, exercise level, and more. However, certain men might have low testosterone levels (under 350 ng/dL) and experience symptoms such as fatigue, lack of sexual desire, and developing male breasts (gynecomastia). Testosterone replacement therapy might be helpful for men who have low testosterone blood levels. This treatment will help raise testosterone levels to average values. Inadequate testosterone amounts can also impair muscle development and slow one’s progress in the gym. Men usually have 40 times more testosterone than women, and keeping T levels in the normal range is essential to ensuring proper muscle growth. Declining testosterone levels in men over 45 are typical and often cause erectile dysfunction (ED). Androgen deficiency, or hypogonadism, affects roughly 40% of men aged 45 or older.  Two-thirds of these men present with symptoms. While some symptoms, like ED, indicate a deficiency, additional symptoms can be similar to those of other diseases, such as cardiovascular disease.  What is hypogonadism?   Male hypogonadism is a clinical syndrome that results from the failure of the testes to produce physiological levels of testosterone (androgen deficiency) and an average number of spermatozoa due to disruption of one or more groups of the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular (HPT) axis. There are three types of hypogonadism: Primary-testicular dysfunction leads to low testosterone levels and high levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Secondary dysfunction of the HPT axis results in low testosterone, LH, and FSH levels. Who should be tested for low testosterone? Mixed—manifests a mixture of primary and secondary hypogonadism and can be observed in older men. Very small or shrinking testes. Inability to father children; low or zero sperm count. The more symptoms a patient has, the more likely he is to have low testosterone.    The production of androgens in excess is a defining feature of hyperandrogenism (high testosterone in women), and testosterone levels have an impact on it. The most common clinical manifestation of hyperandrogenism is hirsutism, or excessive hair growth in androgen-dependent body areas. Other clinical manifestations of hyperandrogenism include acne vulgaris, weight gain, menstrual irregularities, and, in some women, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and acanthosis nigricans. Measuring the testosterone level isn’t an easy task. Tests for free, bioavailable, and total testosterone are essential to help diagnose hypogonadism and rule out other conditions. For those who may be candidates for testosterone therapy and those already on treatment, testing can also help assess and monitor testosterone levels.   This hormone can be bound to specific proteins in the body, and measuring it becomes problematic when it’s outside the normal ranges. For example, it’s relatively easy to determine the exact testosterone level of a healthy man, but not that easy if he’s hypogonadal (has low T) and his testosterone levels are dangerously low. More sensitive tests are required to measure low T concentrations in men, women, and prepuberty children. Scientists and medical professionals have created some reliable testosterone-measuring methods. These are called testosterone assays.   Serum testosterone tests (assays) According to the dictionary, the word “assay” refers to testing a particular material, ore, or substance to find its composting ingredients. Serum testosterone assay refers to accurately measuring the testosterone levels in the body of a male or female. Accuracy is essential because it directly impacts the diagnosing a particular disease or health complication. Endocrinology is the discipline responsible for measuring hormone levels in the body. It encompasses a wide variety of assays that help the clinician confirm a diagnosis for a patient. For example, testosterone assays are used to determine whether a male patient has hypogonadism. Hypogonadism consists of reduced gonad activity. Men diagnosed with hypogonadism usually have low testosterone levels and experience different symptoms, such as low sex drive and gynecomastia (man boobs). Testosterone assays are also used to determine if confident boys have delayed puberty onset and to diagnose androgen deficiency. When circulating testosterone levels are very low, the sensitivity of some assays is diminished. That’s why picking the suitable testosterone assay is necessary to determine circulating T levels accurately.   Types of testosterone fractions in the blood As shown in the figure below, about 2 percent of the testosterone in the body is active.  This “free testosterone” is not attached to binding proteins that would prevent it from interacting with its receptor. About 40 percent of the body’s testosterone is attached to albumin. This is a protein that can release the hormone as the need for it arises in the body. Free testosterone and testosterone bound to albumin are “bioavailable testosterone.” In a healthy young male, about 60 percent of his testosterone is attached to sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). Hormones bound to SHBG can’t be used by the body and lose their anabolic effect.  As males grow older or if an illness is present, SHBG sweeps up more and more testosterone, lowering free testosterone and its benefits. Total testosterone is the sum of bioavailable testosterone and testosterone bound to SHBG. Measuring the total testosterone in the blood may not provide the whole picture and let you know how much “active” or usable testosterone you have. Types of testosterone tests Measuring the testosterone levels in one’s body is not that easy. One way to do that is by using Isotope dilution mass spectrometry. This assay measures total testosterone levels. Laboratories also use direct chemiluminescent immunoassays. However, these assays are less accurate when testosterone concentrations are too low. Liquid chromatography-tandem MS (mass spectrometry) and gas chromatography-MS are also used for more accurate results, mainly when testosterone levels are at the low and high extremes. Measuring free testosterone is done after it has been separated from the protein-bound forms. This can be done using equilibrium dialysis or ultracentrifugation. Equilibrium dialysis is the most common method, and it involves introducing testosterone isotopes into a patient sample. The free testosterone concentration is estimated based on the distribution of isotopes in the dialysis membrane. The bioavailable testosterone can be measured using ammonium sulfate, which influences the testosterone bound to SHBG. Assessing testosterone levels began approximately 30 years ago. Tests were done on small blood samples, but their accuracy could have improved. Current testosterone assays are more sensitive, require a smaller serum sample, and are more affordable. They can be done using nonradioactive methods in reference labs.   How is testosterone level measured? Up to 98% of the testosterone found in the bloodstream is bound to proteins such as albumin and SHBG. Just about 2% is free. Albumin-bound testosterone and free testosterone are known as bioavailable, and tissues can easily use them for androgen action. On the other hand, total testosterone can be measured using nonradioactive immunoassay and chemiluminescent detection. These methods offer accurate results if the male patient has testosterone levels in the normal range, such as 300-1000 ng/dL. However, these assays recorded low testosterone limits of approximately 132 ng/dL, which is not customary in healthy men. Clinicians have wondered why this happens and how they can improve the accuracy of testosterone assays when T concentrations are deficient. Regarding total testosterone assays, the gold standard is a steroid-free serum interacting with gravimetrically-determined amounts of testosterone. Independent measuring methods, such as liquid or gas chromatography with mass spectrometry, are also used. Susceptible tests are necessary for women to determine total and free testosterone levels because women have much lower amounts of testosterone in the bloodstream.   Dr. Wang's analysis of testosterone assays In a paper published in 2004, Dr. Wang and her colleagues compared multiple testosterone immunoassays (both manual and automated ones) with chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The results were very accurate for the latter option, and the test was performed on serum samples from patients with different testosterone levels (ranging from under 150 ng/dL to 1,500 ng/dL). This means that most of the automated and manual assays were accurate compared to LC-MSMS, but some tests provided inaccurate results. The authors concluded that most manual and automatic testosterone immunoassays are ideal for differentiating eugonadal men from hypogonadal men. Still, they weren't accurate for women or children who haven't reached puberty yet. It’s essential to notice that these automated and manual testosterone immunoassays are compared with gold standards of adult male reference ranges. These ranges are set by individual laboratories and are usually monitored by the College of American Pathologists. That’s why you’ll find several testosterone tests on the market. Getting the right one is essential to obtain the most accurate results.   4 Types Of Testosterone Tests You Can Buy Today There are four different testosterone assays you can choose from to determine the amount of testosterone in your bloodstream accurately.   #1 - TESTOSTERONE Total and Free (Regular) This test is ideal for people with testosterone levels in the normal range. It measures total and free testosterone using direct analog/radioimmunoassay (for free T) and electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (for real T). On the other hand, if you know you have deficient testosterone levels (hypogonadism and testosterone levels below 150 ng/dL) or very high testosterone levels (you are a bodybuilder with T levels over 1500 ng/dL). You might want to use the LC/MS test because it’s more accurate. If your testosterone levels are very high, the test will show above 1500 ng/dL, not the exact number (such as 1,700 or 1,800).   #2 - Testosterone Free and Weakly Bound (Bioavailable Testosterone) Bioavailable testosterone can be used for steroid-receptor interaction. This test measures the amount of free and weakly bound testosterone in the bloodstream. The test doesn’t look at the testosterone bound to SHBG because this type is biologically inactive as it has a high binding affinity. On the other hand, weakly bound testosterone is usually derived from albumin and has a low affinity, which means that it can quickly dissociate and become available for interaction.   #3 - Testosterone, Free, Bioavailable, and Total, LC/MS (No Upper Limit) This test has no upper limit for either type of testosterone, such as free, total, or bioavailable. It uses more complex measuring assays such as liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to determine testosterone levels accurately. However, this test is more suitable for bodybuilders, who are known to have very high testosterone levels. If you are not into bodybuilding or think you have below-normal testosterone levels, this test is not ideal for you. Other tests are more economical and can be used to determine your testosterone levels more accurately. If you are on testosterone replacement therapy, you might want to choose a test that has no upper limit on total testosterone and up to 50 ng/dL limit on free testosterone. An even more affordable test for people on testosterone replacement therapy has an upper limit of 1,500 ng/dL on total testosterone and a 50 ng/dL limit on free testosterone.   #4 - Testosterone, Total, LC/MS (No Upper Limit) This test measures only total testosterone by liquid chromatography or mass spectrometry. This test is ideal if your testosterone levels are deficient (both men and women). It is also suitable for high testosterone levels due to TRT or bodybuilding.  The test is the most accurate for testosterone concentrations under 150 ng/dL or above 1500 ng/dL for total testosterone.     Why should you test your testosterone levels? Measuring testosterone levels has become increasingly popular nowadays, thanks to direct-to-consumer labs that are affordable and easy to use. Males and females can buy one of the tests described above and determine the actual amounts of testosterone in their bloodstream. But why is this a good idea? First, if you have common testosterone deficiency symptoms such as fatigue or low sex drive, then measuring your testosterone levels is highly recommended. This will help you decide whether a lack of testosterone is the problem and whether you should try testosterone replacement therapy. Testosterone tests give you a broader insight into your hormonal health. Secondly, if you’re on testosterone replacement therapy already, the test results might provide good feedback on your progress. The clinicians who conduct these tests can give you valuable adviceLong-Term, such as how often to take testosterone gels or injections, whether you should reduce or increase the dosage, etc. If you’re a bodybuilder, keeping your testosterone levels in check also helps you monitor your progress. After all, testosterone is vital for muscle development, and if you have sufficient amounts of it, you’ll ensure muscle growth in the long run. Testosterone is essential for women too. This hormone is linked to mental alertness, good mood, and increased sex drive. Testosterone deficiency in women can also lead to low productivity at work and poor physical performance in the gym. Numerous advancements in the medical field coupled with improved testing devices make measuring testosterone levels a more affordable and accurate process.   How to get a testosterone test? Visit Discounted Labs, pick your favorite testosterone blood tests, and you’ll be able to get your results in a few business days. You can also order other blood tests to check your glucose levels, cholesterol, triglycerides, blood count, and more!  

  Since abnormally high hematocrit values can pose serious health problems, this article will analyze the correlation between testosterone therapy and high hematocrit. TRT, sleep apnea and smoking are contributing factors that can cause high hematocrit, which can increase cardiovascular risks if not properly managed. This article explains the basics of how to manage high hematocrit while using testosterone. High hematocrit: Why it is important? The red cells are some of the most important components of a person’s blood. The term hematocrit refers to the percentage of red blood cells in a human’s body. For women, normal hematocrit values should be around 42% and for men, it should be around 47%. A complete blood count test will show the number of red blood cells in the blood as well as the hemoglobin values, white blood cells, and platelets. When the hematocrit is too high, meaning that there are too many red blood cells, this condition is known as polycythemia. When the hematocrit values are too low, this condition is known as anemia. Abnormal hematocrit values can put one’s life in danger if not treated promptly. Since abnormally high hematocrit values can pose serious health problems, this article will analyze the correlation between red blood cell count and various medical conditions such as obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, erythrocytosis caused by testosterone replacement therapy and why people should be careful when donating blood more than once a year. It is important to also know the red cell distribution width (RDW), which is a laboratory measuring system that analyzes the size of red blood cells. Doctors frequently examine the RDW to determine the causes of anemia and to gain more insights about the severity of different cardiovascular diseases.  Platelets are cytoplasmic fragments that quickly react when bleeding is detected in the body. They help in the coagulation process to prevent infection and initiate the healing process. The mean platelet volume (MPV) is a way of measuring the size of the platelets. Both these terms, RDW and MPV, will be used to examine the link between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and high hematocrit values. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), red blood cells and high hematocrit values OSAS is a sleep disorder that is characterized by a collapse of the upper airway while sleeping. This leads to a low quality sleep, choking sensations, and even hypoxia (low oxygen saturation). A comprehensive study performed between January 2011 and June 2014 shows that high RDW might be a reliable marker when it comes to the severity of OSAS. Hematocrit TRT Study Material and Methods 264 patients were admitted to the sleep unit to undergo a polysomnographic evaluation and were subsequently diagnosed with OSAS. 116 of these patients met the criteria of the study and agreed to participate. These patients reported frequent unpleasant symptoms such as daytime sleepiness, severe snoring at nighttime, etc. The exclusion criteria left out patients who had various types of medical conditions that might have interfered with the results of the study. For example, patients who had known cardiovascular diseases, were smokers, had diabetes mellitus, lung disease or hypertension were not included in the study. The 116 patients who participated in the study were divided into several groups, depending on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) which basically indicates the severity of the sleep apnea. There were 3 groups – mild (AHI between 5 and 15), moderate (AHI between 15 and 30) and severe (AHI higher than 30). There was also a control group of 62 individuals who had an apnea-hypopnea index of less than 5. The study was performed using polysomnographic methods. Researchers have attached suprasternal microphones to assess the airflow of the patients during sleep. Blood samples were also drawn using a 21-gauge needle syringe after a fasting period of 8 hours. The apnea was defined as a stop of airflow for 10 seconds or more during sleep. Hypopnea was defined as a reduction of airflow between 30% and 50% as well as a decrease in capillary oxygen saturation. Sleep Apnea and Testosterone- Study Results At the end of the study, researchers have reached the conclusion that patients with severe OSAS have a higher RDW, a higher platelet count and MPV. In addition, the hematocrit and RDW are positively correlated with apnea-hypopnea index. This means that the complete blood count is very important for patients diagnosed with OSAS. It is well known that patients with OSAS experience a state of systemic inflammation due to a variety of causes. This state of inflammation can lead to a higher secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6, which in turn can create erythrocyte deformability and a higher level of RDW. Other studies have shown that high RDW levels are also associated with a higher-sensitivity CRP level which is a known marker of inflammation. One of the most important reasons which make this study unique and highly accurate is the simple fact that patients who suffered from serious health conditions such as coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension didn’t take part in the study. It is a well-known fact that these illnesses can lead to a higher RDW level which could have compromised the results of the study. Patients who suffer from OSAS also experience hypercoagulability which is caused by high blood viscosity. Hematocrit, erythrocyte behavior, and other factors all affect blood viscosity, which is defined as the resistance of blood to external forces. It has been established that hematocrit plays an important role in the coagulability of blood and can lead to increased blood clotting. When there is an increased blood clotting in the body, the natural flow of blood can be negatively affected and multiple cardiovascular issues can appear. Researchers believe that the hypoxemia experienced by patients with OSAS is caused by a release of inflammatory factors that negatively affect the blood and can lead to hypercoagulability. It has also been found out that the total platelet count in patients with OSAS was higher in comparison with the patients in the control group or those in the mild group. This is real evidence of the correlation between platelet activation and cardiovascular diseases in patients suffering from OSAS. This comprehensive study has shown evidence that RDW, MPV, and platelet count are increased in patients diagnosed with OSAS. The RDW index is also positively correlated with oxygen desaturation index and AHI. Since RDW is included in a standard blood count measurement, it can become an inexpensive and simple tool to diagnose the severity of the OSAS in patients of all ages. As a result, patients who suffer from a severe OSAS can be given priority when it comes to treatment, improving their chances of recovery.   Understanding the occurrence of high red blood cells and hematocrit on testosterone replacement therapy   Erythrocytosis is a medical condition that appears when the body is making too many red blood cells. RBCs are responsible for transporting oxygen to organs and tissues. When there are too many, the blood can become too thick and cause cardiovascular complications. There are 2 types of erythrocytosis – primary and secondary. Primary erythrocytosis is usually caused by bone marrow problems. RBCs are made in the bone marrow and something might trigger an increase in their production. Certain diseases or medications, such as testosterone replacement therapy, can cause secondary erythrocytosis. TRT is the go-to treatment for people who suffer from hypogonadism – aka androgen deficiency. This type of treatment is increasingly popular, especially among people over 40 years of age. It can increase libido, help to maintain muscle mass, improve mood and general wellbeing. However, one of the side effects of TRT is a simple fact that it can cause erythrocytosis. An increase in hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) is indicative of this medical condition. When the Hb is higher than 18.5 g/dL and the Hct is higher than 52% in men, the patient suffers from erythrocytosis. Since the RBCs count is too high in people with erythrocytosis, the blood viscosity also increases, which can lead to various potentially life-threatening medical issues such as venous thromboembolism. This essentially means that small blood clots separate from their original source and travel through veins and capillaries, causing blockages that result in stroke, myocardial infarction, or other complications. CHECK YOUR HEMATOCRIT TEST WITH A CBC PANEL Testosterone replacement therapy formulations   Testosterone replacement therapy is recommended for men who have testosterone levels lower than 300 ng/dL. It is commonly accepted that T levels decrease by approximately 1% per year after 35 years of age. TRT has been shown to improve the mood of the patients, correct insulin resistance problems, and help increase bone density and muscle mass, among other positive benefits. Getting testosterone into the body can be done in various ways. There are injections, gels, buccal patches, pellets, and others. Some formulations show results much quicker (injections, for example) and each one of them has different effects on patients, depending on the dosage, administration option, etc. TRT-induced high red blood cell volume ( high hematocrit ) When the testosterone levels increase in the body, the hemoglobin and hematocrit levels also increase. Studies have shown that people who undergo TRT have higher blood viscosity and platelet adhesiveness, which can lead to thromboembolic risks. Although there are not many studies that link TRT-induced erythrocytosis (high red blood cells) with thromboembolism, one small research performed by Krauss et al on a group of 15 men can lead to interesting conclusions. The 15 men received short-acting IM TE (testosterone injection) every 21 days and had their bloodwork and testosterone levels monitored. The researchers discovered a correlation between transient ischemic attacks and men who had a mean Hct levels higher than 48%. Although the study was performed on a small group of men, it is an important research finding because throws a spotlight on the potential side effects of TRT. Additionally, the FDA also forces companies that make testosterone products to add a warning on the label stating “possible increased risk of heart attacks and strokes in patients taking testosterone”. High hematocrit: The effects of different testosterone products Researchers have discovered that various testosterone formulations have different effects when it comes to the occurrence of erythrocytosis in patients who undergo TRT. For example, short-acting injectables such as IM TC and IM TE render an incidence of erythrocytosis higher than 40%. The other formulations have a much lower incidence and are considered safer, although testosterone is absorbed much slower into the body. Men who are prescribed and use transdermal gels such as AndroGel 1.62% have an approximately 13% chance of developing erythrocytosis, according to some studies. These types of gels can have a dose of testosterone of 20–100 mg and can be applied to the shoulder area or directly on the skin. Similarly, crystalline pellets that are implanted under the skin have a T formulation of 75mg per pellet and can lead to a 35% chance of developing erythrocytosis in the long run. Studies define erythrocytosis as a hematocrit level higher than 52%. Researchers have found a possible link between high hematocrit levels and high hemoglobin levels in people who are on testosterone replacement therapy. However, more in-depth studies are needed to fully understand the molecular mechanisms that cause erythrocytosis to happen during TRT. Furthermore, some studies show that there is also a higher risk for patients who benefit from TRT to develop CV complications as a result of increased blood viscosity. It's important to also develop other treatment options for hypogonadal men, such as aromatase inhibitors, human chorionic gonadotropin, and others. Lastly, when TRT is absolutely necessary, patients might take into consideration safer testosterone products, such as undecanoates, which can be taken orally or as transdermal gels. Understanding why blood donations shouldn’t be done too frequently It is estimated that approximately 70% of the blood supply in the United States comes from repeat donors. Although donating blood is a commendable act, people should be careful when donating several times a year because they can develop iron deficiency. A plethora of men decides to donate blood to also decrease hematocrit levels. A study conducted on 235 men concluded that frequent blood donors can develop iron deficiency The group of 235 men was separated into 3 categories: – control group with no donations, group 2 with 2 donations per year and group 3 with 3 donations per year. The age of the donors was between 17 and 65 years and their hemoglobin values were higher than 12.5 g/dl. Donors who took iron supplements before were excluded from this study to avoid interfering with the results. The researchers looked at a couple of important values, such as hemoglobin and ferritin levels. Ferritin is a type of intracellular protein responsible for transporting and releasing iron throughout the body. Iron deficiency was defined as serum hemoglobin levels below 13 g/dl and serum ferritin levels below 15 μg/l. No participant in the study has donated blood in the previous 8 weeks. Researchers have found out that the patients in the case groups (2 and 3) had a decreased level of hemoglobin and ferritin in comparison with the patients in the control group. More specifically, men in group 3 had ferritin mean levels of 26 and a hemoglobin level of 13.8, those in group 2 had ferritin mean levels of 56 and hemoglobin levels of 15.4 while the control group had ferritin mean levels of 108 and hemoglobin levels of 15.9. Caution about frequent blood donations: The study presented evidence that donating blood more than once or twice per year can significantly deplete iron stores and can lead to anemia. Moreover, the medical industry relies on donations of a healthy supply of blood rich in iron, so certain donors (especially those who donate frequently) might not be eligible for repeat donations. Likewise, measuring the hemoglobin level only might not be a reliable indicator of a person being suitable for blood donation or not. The ferritin levels should also be taken into account to prevent anemia in various donors. Is supplementing with iron a solution for low iron/ ferritin caused by frequent blood donations? This is a good question, but the answer might not be that simple. It is a well-known fact that supplementing with iron should be done carefully since too much iron in the bloodstream can cause damage to organs and tissues. Additionally, those patients who have family members with cancer might not be eligible for iron supplementation. Speaking with a doctor before taking iron supplements is the best thing to do.   Buy a low cost testosterone test    References: Ohlander et al. Sex Med Rev 2018; 6:77-85 Yousef and Alkhiary, J Sleep Disord Ther 2015, 4:2

Testosterone is routinely associated with "manliness," strength, muscles, aggressiveness, and even roaring V8 engines sometimes. This is the main male sex hormone and women have a little bit of it too. However, the story behind testosterone is a little bit more complex and worth discovering. Free testosterone is usually the one that provides all the benefits when it comes to sex drive, muscle gains, and better cognition. Dive into this article to learn more about testosterone fractions, how to test your testosterone levels, and how to increase free testosterone. What is free testosterone? If you do a testosterone blood test, you're usually getting the total testosterone levels circulating through your bloodstream. Total testosterone is the sum of protein-bound testosterone and free testosterone. Believe it or not, free testosterone only makes up about 1-2% of your total testosterone levels. This substance is freely moving throughout your body, and tissues can easily absorb it to cause chemical reactions. Protein-bound testosterone makes up about 98% of your total testosterone. It splits into two categories: albumin-bound testosterone and SHBG-testosterone. SHBG stands for sex hormone-binding globulin. It's a substance that attaches to testosterone, making it unavailable for organs and tissues to absorb. Albumin is one of the most prevalent protein types in the human body. Approximately 38% of your total testosterone is bound to albumin. This binding is weak, meaning that some organs and tissues can still absorb the albumin-bound testosterone and use it for various purposes. Since 1-2% of your testosterone is free, the remaining 60% of your total testosterone is SHBG-bound. The sum of free and albumin-bound testosterone is also known as bioavailable testosterone. How to Increase Free Testosterone Remember that free testosterone is the one readily available for grabbing by tissues and organs. This is the one usually associated with muscle gains, male attraction, and libido. If you want to increase it, check out these science-based methods. Get More Sleep Believe it or not, sleep is closely related to the production of testosterone in your body. If you don't get enough sleep, your body doesn't produce as much testosterone as it should. This refers to the total level of T and consequently, your free T is also affected. Maintain a Healthy Weight Being overweight or obese can dramatically reduce your total testosterone levels and, implicitly, your free testosterone levels. This is true for both young males and seniors. Therefore, make sure that you lose the extra weight if necessary and this will naturally boost your free testosterone levels. Eat a Balanced Diet This is probably one of the most common pieces of advice you hear daily, but it's worth repeating. A diet filled with junk and processed foods, sodas, too much caffeine, and alcohol will ruin your testosterone levels over time. On the other hand, if you eat more vegetables and fruit, whole grains, and light meat such as fish and chicken, and incorporate regular physical activity, you'll be on the safe side. Normal and high levels of testosterone are commonly associated with a healthier diet that includes enough calories and healthy fats, as well as regular physical activity and training intensity. If you want to increase your free testosterone, you might need to make sensible diet adjustments such as incorporating a balanced mix of protein, fat, and carbs from whole foods into your meals to support optimal hormone levels and weight loss. A 2021 systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that a low-fat diet and regular physical activity may decrease testosterone levels, highlighting the importance of a balanced diet and physical activity for hormonal health. Get Rid of Stress Just like lack of sleep, too much stress is also bad for your testosterone levels. It will basically slow down the production of testosterone and make you feel tired, lethargic, and confused. Stress is inevitable, so you cannot eliminate it. But you can do something to reduce it. Learn what works for you. For example, you can go to a yoga class. You can practice breathing exercises. You might want to give meditation a shot. You could just watch your favorite series online and relax in bed for an entire afternoon. All these activities will reduce your stress hormones and let your body naturally increase testosterone levels. Do Resistance Exercises Lifting weights has a lot of benefits. You don't need to become a professional bodybuilder and sweat for hours in the gym every week. A few resistance exercises several times per week is usually enough to reap the benefits of this activity. Compounded exercises such as bench-press, deadlifts, and weighted squats are difficult, but they engage most of the muscle groups in your body. This will force your body to produce more testosterone to repair and rebuild stronger muscle fibers. You are not alone in your fitness journey, either. Hire a fitness instructor and follow his/her advice. This will keep you motivated and safe while performing weighted exercises. Get More Vitamin D and Zinc Your body metabolizes vitamin D as a result of direct sun exposure. However, most people around the world are deficient in vitamin D. You need to take it as a supplement to achieve normal vitamin D levels and correct deficiencies. Some studies show that vitamin D is commonly associated with normal and high levels of testosterone. If you take enough vitamin D, you're helping your normal production of testosterone and even increasing it slightly. Zinc is another mineral essential for testosterone production, particularly in postmenopausal women and older men. A zinc deficiency is correlated with a drop in testosterone levels, making it important for women and older men to consider taking supplements for men’s health. In fact, in one study, zinc supplementation increased testosterone levels and improved sexual function in postmenopausal women with low blood levels of zinc. Men usually need about 11 mg of zinc per day and you can easily get that from a supplement. Zinc also boosts muscle gain and libido, so you get additional benefits too. Additionally, optimizing vitamin D levels through lifestyle changes and testosterone therapy can also help improve daytime testosterone levels and increase hours of sleep. A year-long trial showed that daily supplementation of just over 3,000 IU significantly increased total and free testosterone in both men and women, correcting vitamin D deficiency and promoting optimal testosterone levels for men’s health. Before beginning high-dose vitamin D supplementation, it is best to know where both values stand. Increase Your Testosterone Dose if on TRT If you are on TRT, increasing the dose can decrease SHBG and increase free testosterone. However, be aware that increasing T dose may also increase hematocrit (blood viscosity) and decrease good HDL cholesterol, so talk to your doctor first. Check Out These Affordable and Accurate Testosterone Tests! Today you can test your testosterone levels and other hormones associated with them with a simple blood test. The liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) testing technology has become very advanced and the results are increasingly accurate, so why not try it for yourself? For example, you can order this highly sensitive LC/MS total and free testosterone test plus bioavailable T and SHBG. This group of tests checks your total, free, bioavailable, albumin-bound, and SHBG-bound testosterone levels, providing important information about your overall health and potential health conditions, including testosterone deficiency or hypogonadism. There are no limits applied to this test panel, so you get a realistic result using the latest medical technology available. Additionally, you can also check your testosterone levels, physical performance, muscle mass, and potential for erectile dysfunction through affordable and accurate tests that require only small amounts of blood. These tests can also help identify symptoms of low testosterone, such as low libido, and provide insights into how to boost testosterone levels for improved physical performance and quality of life. If you're on TRT, you can also order the Basic TRT Monitoring Panel. This comprehensive test helps people who are on testosterone replacement therapy monitor their hormones. It includes a metabolic panel, blood count panel, sensitive estradiol, testosterone tests, and more. For more testosterone tests, check these testosterone test panels from DiscountedLabs.com Here, you will find the most affordable testosterone blood tests in the United States! Citations Grip Strength and Muscle Mass in Healthy Older Adults The Role of Testosterone in Male Reproductive Function Testosterone, Aging, and Male Osteoporosis The Effects of Testosterone on Cognitive Function Testosterone and Aging: Clinical Research Directions Free Testosterone: Understanding Its Role in Erectile Dysfunction Testosterone Therapy and Cardiovascular Risk The Benefits of Testosterone: Healthline Guide What’s the Difference Between Total and Free Testosterone? Testosterone and Male Behaviours: The British Psychological Society Testosterone and Mortality: JAMA Study University of Florida PathLabs: Free Testosterone Test How Much Testosterone Affects Muscle Growth: VICE Testosterone and Health Outcomes in Men Testosterone Total and Free: Rochester Encyclopedia Testosterone and Aggression: Manual Blog Free Testosterone vs. Total Testosterone: Maximus Tribe The Influence of Testosterone on Aggressive Behaviour: Britannica The Vital Role of Testosterone in Muscle, Bone, and Brain Health: The Vitality Clinic Harvard Health: Testosterone—What It Does and Doesn’t Do

Testosterone Replacement Monitoring Targets and Their Management (Consult Your Physician Before Any Treatment Initiation, Cessation or Changes). These are not absolute values and should be taken into context with symptoms. We will discuss various blood test targets for those undergoing testosterone replacement therapy (TRT). It covers key health indicators such as total and free testosterone levels, hematocrit, PSA, estradiol, blood pressure, kidney and liver function, thyroid levels, iron and ferritin levels, and cholesterol. Each parameter includes a target range and suggestions for management if the results are outside the normal range. This comprehensive approach ensures that individuals on TRT can monitor their health effectively and make informed decisions with their healthcare provider.     Total Testosterone Test above 500 ng/dL If low or hypogonadal symptoms are not improved, increase the testosterone dosage. High T levels (over 1500 ng/dL) with high hematocrit, low HDL, and/or side effects may require dosage reduction.  Free Testosterone ≥ 2 % of total T If low, test for sex hormone-binding globulin. Higher TRT dose may increase free T by decreasing SHBG. Low SHBG may be present in diabetes. Hematocrit ≤ 53 % If high, donate blood or ask your doctor for therapeutic phlebotomy order. If low, investigate anemia or stop donating blood more than every 3 months. How to Lower High Hematocrit PSA ≤ 4 ng/mL If high, talk to your doctor about potential prostatic infection or a referral to a urologist. TRT is contraindicated if PSA is 4 ng/mL or greater. Estradiol (UltraSensitive Test) = 20- ? pg/mL Most men on TRT do not need to use an aromatase inhibitor (AI). Some physicians prescribe low dose AI for what they consider high estradiol. If low, higher testosterone dose and/or cessation of AI may be required. The lab range was derived from men with heart disease and low testosterone, so there is still debate on what the range should be for men on TRT since  0.3 to 0.4 % of testosterone aromatizes to estradiol, so men with high T due to TRT will have higher estradiol.  No upper range value has been determined for men on TRT. Studies have shown that for gynecomastia to occur, high estradiol in the presence of low T and high IGF-1 may be required. Read Estradiol In Men – Why Is It Important For Optimal Health And Fitness Performance and The Top 18 Things You Did not Know About Estradiol in Men Blood pressure ≤ 135/85 mmHg If high, weight loss, exercise, T dose reduction, and/or blood pressure medications may be needed. If too low, blood pressure medication dose needs to be reduced, electrolytes checked or hypoglycemia excluded. Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) (kidney function) ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 If low, good hydration, use of blood pressure medications, and/or stopping offending oral supplements may improve eGFR. Exercise, high protein intake, creatine supplements, and higher muscle mass can also increase creatinine and decrease eGFR. If under 60, explore getting a Cystatin C test. Liver enzymes ≤ 1.2 x top value of reference range If high, stopping oral supplements can help. AST and ALT can increase with exercise but this is not clinically relevant. If high AST and ALT, test GGT and bilirubin to ensure no liver toxicity is present. TSH ≤ 2.5 U/mL If high, test for other thyroid tests included in a thyroid panel like free T3, free T4, and antibodies to detect hypothyroidism. Why Only Using TSH to Diagnose Hypothyroidism is Wrong Free T3 ≥ 3.7 pg/mL If low, hypothyroidism may be present. See comment on TSH. If high (>5 pg/mL), explore hyperthyroidism. Ferritin 55-270 ng/mL & Iron 55-160 micrograms/dL If low, reduce the frequency of blood donations or phlebotomies and supplement with iron until it is back to normal. If high, donate blood or get therapeutic phlebotomy. HDL ≥ 40 mg/dL The most difficult parameter to manage. Higher TRT doses decrease HDL. Niacin may help increase HDL but may cause flushing. Prolactin ( ≤ 30 nd/dL) Test if Total Testosterone is below 150 ng/dL before TRT to detect potential pituitary adenoma or other issues. High levels (> 30 ng/dL) may cause sexual dysfunction and galactorrhea in men (milk production)     Here are panels that include these tests: Discounted Labs Panels   Buy a testosterone test on DiscountedLabs.com

Testosterone replacement therapy can be a great way to improve your health and vitality, but certain risks areassociated with it. One of the most important things you need to monitor when taking testosterone is your hematocrit levels. High hematocrit is one potential side effect of testosterone treatment that should not be ignored or overlooked, as it can lead to serious health complications if left untreated. In this blog post, we'll go over what high hematocrit is, how testosterone replacement therapy raises hematocrit levels, and how to reduce high hematocrit due to testosterone treatment so that you can benefit from all the advantages of hormone optimization safely and effectively. Table of Contents: What is Hematocrit? Definition of Hematocrit: How Does Testosterone Replacement Therapy Increase Hematocrit? a. Effects of Testosterone on Red Blood Cells: How to Lower High Hematocrit Caused by Testosterone Treatment? Monitoring and Managing High Hematocrit Levels with Testosterone Replacement Therapy Regular Blood Tests to Monitor Hematocrit Levels: Conclusion FAQs in Relation to High Hematocrit Should I worry if my hematocrit is high? What can cause high hematocrit? What are symptoms of high hematocrit? How do you treat high hematocrit levels? Conclusion What is Hematocrit? Hematocrit measures the percentage of red blood cells in your body. It’s an important indicator of overall health and can help diagnose various conditions, such as anemia or dehydration. Definition of Hematocrit: Hematocrit is a measure that reflects the ratio between the volume of red blood cells (RBC) and the total volume of whole blood in your body. The hematocrit value is expressed as a percentage, with normal values ranging from 40 to 54 percent for men and 36 to 48 percent for women. How is Hematocrit Measured? A hematocrit test measures how much space red blood cells take up in your bloodstream by spinning down a blood sample in a centrifuge machine. This separates different components within the sample, including RBCs, white blood cells (WBCs), platelets, and plasma. The amount of packed RBCs compared to other components gives you your hematocrit value. Normal ranges vary slightly depending on age and gender but generally range from 40–54% for men and 36-48% for women. Low levels could be a sign of anemia or bleeding disorders, whereas high levels might be the result of dehydration or specific cancer treatments like chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Hematocrit is an important measure of health and can be increased through testosterone replacement therapy. However, it is important to understand the potential risks associated with high hematocrit levels before beginning treatment. How Does Testosterone Replacement Therapy Increase Hematocrit? TRT has been found to have numerous health benefits, including improved energy levels, increased muscle mass and strength, and improved sexual function. One of the most important effects of TRT is an increase in hematocrit, which is the percentage of red blood cells in your bloodstream. a. Effects of Testosterone on Red Blood Cells: Testosterone helps stimulate the production of red blood cells by increasing the number of stem cells that produce them. It also increases their lifespan so they can circulate longer throughout your body before being broken down and replaced by new ones. This leads to an overall increase in hematocrit levels as more red blood cells are present in your bloodstream at any time. An increased hematocrit level can provide many benefits, such as better oxygen delivery throughout the body, improved stamina during physical activity, and reduced risk for certain diseases like heart disease or stroke due to higher amounts of oxygen-carrying red blood cells circulating through your system at all times. Additionally, some studies suggest that higher hematocrit may even improve cognitive performance since it provides more oxygen to the brain for mental processes like memory formation or problem-solving skills Testosterone replacement therapy can increase hematocrit levels, but it is important to know the potential risks associated with high hematocrit. We'll talk about lowering a high hematocrit that results from testosterone therapy in the following section. In a study done by Dr. Ramasamy and his team at the University of Miami Medical School, a total of 5,842 men who received TRT and developed polycythemia were matched and compared to 5,842 men who did not develop polycythemia. Heart problems or venous thromboembolism - VTE were more likely to happen to men with polycythemia (301 cases, or 5.15% of all cases) while they were on TRT than to men with a normal hematocrit (226 cases, or 3.87%) (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.13–1.61, p <0.001). The same team later found out that greater changes in hematocrit predicted greater cardiovascular risks in men on testosterone therapy.   Key Takeaway: Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) increases hematocrit levels, providing numerous benefits such as improved oxygen delivery throughout the body, increased stamina during physical activity, and better cognitive performance. How to Lower High Hematocrit Caused by Testosterone Treatment? High hematocrit levels caused by testosterone treatment can be a serious health concern. It is important to understand the causes and treatments available for this condition. Some physicians and TRT guidelines believe that stopping TRT is the best way to lower hematocrit.  But stopping TRT can have negative consequences for the quality of life, as men who do so tend to stay hypogonadal for months, and most do not return to “normal levels.”  Fortunately, there are several ways to decrease high hematocrit and potentially prevent it. How Can High Hematocrit Be Reduced Due to Testosterone Therapy? A severe health hazard might result from high hematocrit levels brought on by testosterone therapy. Understanding the underlying causes and available therapies for this illness is crucial. TRT guidelines and several doctors concur that the best strategy to reduce hematocrit is to cease TRT. However, discontinuing TRT can harm a man's quality of life because most men who discontinue TRT do not revert to "normal levels" and instead tend to stay hypogonadal for months. Fortunately, there are a number of strategies to lower high hematocrit and avoid it. Donate blood. Men on testosterone therapy can lower their hemoglobin levels with this tried-and-true method. And while you're doing it, you're helping someone else! Every donated unit of blood can reduce hematocrit by three points. Be careful not to donate more frequently than every 2.5 months, as the Red Cross advises, to prevent losing too much iron and ferritin, which can cause fatigue in men taking testosterone therapy. This iron blood test allows you to determine your iron and ferritin levels. It is advised that you donate when your hematocrit is between 51 and 52 percent. If you want to donate blood, you should avoid having a hematocrit above 53% because some organizations (like the Red Cross) would reject blood at that level. Men whose high hematocrit disqualifies them from blood donations may still donate blood if their doctors request therapeutic phlebotomy at the nearby blood center. Reduce the TRT dose. Your doctor could tell you to lower your dose if you have high hemoglobin or hematocrit levels as a result of testosterone therapy. This is not always a negative thing because some men take more testosterone than they need, which can have both long-term and short-term side effects. Make sure you drink water. It's critical to keep in mind that hematocrit is highly dependent on the amount of water you drink. This might have made things worse if you were already dehydrated when you had your blood drawn. Talk to your doctor about a repeat test if you believe you were dehydrated. Address thyroid problems. Your RBC counts can decrease with hypothyroidism (low thyroid function) and increase with hyperthyroidism (high thyroid function). Doing this could be a good idea if you have yet to examine your thyroid function. And if you can afford it, have a complete thyroid panel, including thyroid antibodies. [10] Think about testosterone applied topically to the skin. According to a research summary, intramuscular testosterone injections are the only form of testosterone that significantly raises hematocrit above normal levels. Topical testosterone creams or gels often do not have this effect. However, it does so strongly, changing up to 6% from the starting point. The testosterone gel comes in second place, with a 2.5% average increase over baseline levels. [7]. Therefore, switching to topicals may help if you are receiving intramuscular injections and experiencing high hematocrit or hemoglobin. Discuss this with your doctor. COMPOUND TESTOSTERONE CREAM AND GEL IS A CHEAP ALTERNATIVE Change from intramuscular to lower dose testosterone subcutaneous injections. 236 men participated in a study that the University of California conducted. All men's baseline values in each of the four measurement locations were noted, as well as those between 6 and 12 weeks after therapy. According to the findings, males who received subcutaneous testosterone injections (SubQ) exhibited an increase in total testosterone levels that was 14% greater than that of patients who had intramuscular testosterone injections (IM). Additionally, post-therapy, hematocrit was 41% lower in SubQ patients than in IM patients, and estradiol levels were 26.5% lower. No PSA readings were abnormally high in any group of men.  Steer clear of or consume less red meat. It's fascinating because one of the arguments used by meat eaters against vegetarians is that plant meals include a lot of "anti-nutrients" that might inhibit the absorption of or bind to minerals like iron. For instance, groups like Weston Price criticize vegetarians for consuming phytic acid. Plant foods contain phytic acid, which binds to calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and iron. Mineral deficits may result from overuse. Dr. Bernard notes that because certain minerals, like zinc and iron, are neurotoxic at even very modest levels of tissue accumulation, they are often likely to be highly health protective for most people. Additionally, studies have demonstrated a connection between colon cancer, too much iron, and heart problems. If no other preventive measures are taken, avoiding red meats, which are heavy in iron, stands a decent chance of decreasing your hemoglobin levels and preserving your long-term health (such as by giving blood). The validity of this claim requires dietary research. Females had significantly lower hemoglobin levels, according to a study that compared vegetarians and non-vegetarians. Although it could not have been statistically significant, males had lower amounts. It was found in a more solid study that vegetarians had much lower levels of white blood cells, neutrophils, serum ferritin, and serum vitamin B12 compared to control patients. Vegetarians also had much lower levels of hematocrit and mean corpuscular hemoglobin. By the way, ferritin is a crucial indicator since it shows that tissue iron levels are lower, which suggests that there will likely be less long-term harm. It should be emphasized that this study did reveal that some vegans were iron deficient. Correct sleep apnea. Depleted oxygen saturation levels brought on by sleep apnea may encourage the body to create more red blood cells and hemoglobin in an effort to make up for the low oxygen levels in the blood during sleep. Indeed, there is research that backs this up as well.  Consider having a sleep apnea test done if your hematocrit, hemoglobin, or RBC levels are high. "One possible explanation is that repeated episodes of nocturnal hypoxia (low oxygen status) lead to a hypercoagulable state that predisposes individuals to thrombotic (blood clotting) events," a recent study stated. Research backs up a number of changes in the blood that affect hemostasis. These include higher hematocrit, blood viscosity, platelet activation, clotting factors, and lower fibrinolytic activity. Minimize inflammationInflammation can further reduce hepcidin, the hormone that controls iron absorption. It could be helpful to check for infections, CRP levels, etc., before treating the underlying reason. [13] Think about Curcumin (Turmeric).More research is being done on turmeric, or curcumin, as an anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer substance. It produces iron shortage in mice by binding to ferric iron in the stomach. According to a case study, a person consuming turmeric may have had iron deficiency anemia. Stop smoking. Smoking lowers the blood's oxygen saturation, which causes the body to create more red blood cells and hemoglobin to make up for it. [14] Talk to your doctor about Losartan, which is used to treat high blood pressure. You should think about taking Losartan if you have high blood pressure. [15] In patients with COPD and erythrocytosis, losartan can be administered safely and efficiently to normalize hematocrit, which may eliminate the requirement for therapeutic phlebotomy. Eat grapefruit. Grapefruit extract (narigin) may lower the hematocrit [16]. Although there was no discernible difference between eating half or a whole grapefruit each day, the effect of grapefruit consumption on hematocrit was statistically significant at the p 0.01 level. However, bring up with your doctor the possibility that grapefruit may elevate drug levels in the blood. Monitoring and Managing High Hematocrit Levels with Testosterone Replacement Therapy It is essential to monitor hematocrit levels while on testosterone replacement therapy (TRT). TRT can have an impact on hematocrit, which measures the quantity of red blood cells in the body. Regular blood tests should ensure that hematocrit levels remain within normal range. If high hematocrit levels are detected, some steps canbe taken to manage them. Regular Blood Tests to Monitor Hematocrit Level: It is recommended that men on TRT have their hematocrit tested every 3–6 months or more frequently if needed. This will help identify any potential issues with high hematocrit early on so they can be addressed quickly and effectively. High hematocrit may indicate an underlying medical condition such as polycythemia vera, which requires further evaluation and treatment from a healthcare provider. Adjusting Dosage or Frequency of Testosterone Injections as Needed: If high hematocrit levels are found during regular testing, adjusting the dosage or frequency of testosterone injections may help lower them back into the normal range. For example, reducing the dose or spacing out injections over longer periods of time could reduce the risk for complications associated with elevated hemoglobin and/or red cell counts due to TRT use. Additionally, lifestyle changes such as increasing physical activity level and making dietary modifications may also help lower high hematocritevels caused by TRT use. By closely monitoring hematocrit levels and adjusting testosterone dosage or frequency as needed, men can successfully manage high hematocrit levels while undergoing testosterone replacement therapy. Next, we'll discuss the key points to remember when managing this condition.   Key Takeaway: Regular blood tests should be done to monitor hematocrit levels while on TRT. If high hematocrit is detected, adjusting the dosage or frequency of testosterone injections and making lifestyle changes may help lower them back into normal range.   FAQs in Relation to High Hematocrit Should I worry if my hematocrit is high? Yes, you should be concerned if your hematocrit is high. Hematocrit is a measure of the number of red blood cells in your body and can indicate an underlying health issue. High levels may mean that there are too many red blood cells in circulation, which can lead to thickening of the blood and other serious complications such as stroke or heart attack. It's important to speak with your doctor about any concerns regarding your hematocrit level so they can determine the best course of action for managing it. What can cause high hematocrit? Dehydration, testosterone therapy, smoking, polycythemia vera (an overproduction of red blood cells), and specific medications are just a few of the things that can cause high hematocrit levels. Dehydration occurs when the body does not have enough fluids to function properly. Smoking increases the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow. Polycythemia vera is an uncommon disorder that causes too many red blood cells to be produced in the bone marrow. Certain medications, such as erythropoietin or testosterone, may also cause high hematocrit levels due to the increased production of red blood cells in response to these drugs. What are the symptoms of high hematocrit? High hematocrit is a condition where the percentage of red blood cells in the bloodstream is higher than normal. Symptoms can include fatigue, shortness of breath, dizziness, headaches, and pale skin. In more severe cases, it can lead to chest pain or heart palpitations due to an increased risk of clotting. It is important to seek medical attention if any symptoms are present, as high hematocrit levels can be indicative of underlying health conditions such as anemia or dehydration. How do you treat high hematocrit levels? High hematocrit levels can be treated by making lifestyle changes, such as reducing alcohol consumption and increasing physical activity. Additionally, medications may be prescribed to reduce the production of red blood cells or increase their breakdown. Other treatments include phlebotomy (the removal of excess red blood cells) and iron chelation therapy (the removal of excess iron). It is important to speak with a doctor about the best treatment plan for high hematocrit levels, as it will depend on the individual's medical history and current health status. Conclusion In conclusion, high hematocrit is a common side effect of testosterone replacement therapy and should be monitored closely. It's crucial to comprehend what hematocrit is, how testosterone replacement therapy raises it, and how to lower a high hematocrit that results from testosterone treatment. With proper monitoring and management of your levels with the help of your doctor or healthcare provider, you can reduce the risk of any health complications associated with elevated levels of hematocrit due to testosterone replacement therapy. Are you suffering from high hematocrit? ExcelMale is here to help. Our online men's health forum provides a wealth of knowledge and resources on testosterone replacement therapy, general health, and sexual dysfunction. Join our community today to get the support you need for managing your condition and improving your overall wellbeing. Register for this TRT forum .   REFERENCES   Secondary Polycythemia in Men Receiving Testosterone Therapy Increases Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Venous Thromboembolism in the First Year of Therapy GREATER CHANGES IN HEMATOCRIT PREDICT MORE FREQUENT MAJOR ADVERSE CARDIAC EVENTS IN MEN INITIATED ON TESTOSTERONE THERAPY - A LARGE CLAIMS DATABASE ANALYSIS The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 95, Issue 10, 1 October 2010, Pages 4743–4747 TRANSFUSION 2008; 48: 2197-2204

Did you know that testosterone deficiency has a prevalence of up to 40% in adult males in the United States? A man is deficient in testosterone when his T levels fall below 300 ng/dL of blood. Although this is slightly worrisome news, there are multiple testosterone replacement options you can take advantage of these days. This article focuses on some of the most important testosterone products in 2023. Keep reading to learn key facts, statistics, price ranges, and optimal dosages related to your favorite testosterone products. Top Testosterone Replacement Therapy Options You Have in 2023 Fortunately, there are many ways you can get more testosterone into your system. There are patches, pellets, gels, injections, and even oral capsules that you can take once or twice a day. If you don't really fancy having to inject testosterone once a week, you can take capsules orally and reap all the benefits of testosterone replacement therapy. The following is a quick list of testosterone replacement products you can take advantage of to increase blood T levels. Administration of T products should only be done according to the strict guidance of your TRT doctor. FDA-Approved Testosterone Brands Androderm: Androderm is a transdermal testosterone patch that delivers testosterone through the skin. It is applied daily to maintain stable testosterone levels in men with low testosterone due to certain medical conditions[1]. This option is no longer used by most doctors since its efficacy was not good and it caused skin irritation. AndroGel: AndroGel is a topical testosterone gel that is applied directly to the skin, typically on the upper arms, shoulders, or abdomen. It is designed for daily use to help maintain consistent testosterone levels for men with low testosterone[1]. It comes in two concentrations. Fortesta: Fortesta is another topical testosterone gel applied to the skin, usually on the front and inner thighs. It is used for testosterone replacement therapy in males with low testosterone levels[2]. Testim: Testim is a testosterone gel applied daily to the skin, typically on the upper arms and shoulders, to help maintain consistent testosterone levels in men with low testosterone due to certain medical conditions[1]. Depo-Testosterone: Depo-Testosterone is an injectable form of testosterone prescribed for men with low testosterone levels. It is administered by a healthcare professional at regular intervals, typically every two to four weeks[2]. Testopel is a subcutaneous testosterone pellet that a medical professional implants under the skin. The pellets release testosterone over an extended period, typically three to six months[2]. Aveed: Aveed is an injectable testosterone undecanoate solution designed for long-acting testosterone replacement therapy. It is administered by a healthcare professional at regular intervals, typically every 10 weeks after an initial loading phase[2]. Natesto: Natesto is a testosterone nasal gel that is applied inside the nostrils for testosterone replacement therapy. It is used to treat men with low testosterone levels due to certain medical conditions[2]. Vogelxo: Vogelxo is a topical testosterone gel applied daily to the skin, usually on the upper arms, shoulders, or abdomen. It is used for testosterone replacement therapy in males with low testosterone levels[2]. Xyosted: Xyosted is a subcutaneous testosterone enanthate autoinjector for weekly self-administration. It is prescribed for men with low testosterone levels due to certain medical conditions[2]. Jatenzo: Jatenzo is an oral testosterone undecanoate capsule that the FDA has approved to treat certain types of hypogonadism in men. It is taken orally to help maintain stable testosterone levels in men with low testosterone [2] Testosterone Treatment Prices and Dosing Androgel 1% Price for a 30-day supply (in USD): 55-85 for the generic pump, 90-190 for 50 mg generic packets; also, around 650 USD for Brand 50 mg packets Delivery mode: pump and/or packet Dosage: 25 mg/2.5 g or 50mg/5g Where to apply shoulders, upper arms or on the abdomen Starting dosage: 50 mg daily dose early in the morning When to measure: in the morning before applying the gel Androgel 1.62% Price for a 30-day supply (in USD): 40-140 for the generic pump, 620-640 for Brand pump Delivery mode: pump and/or packet Dosage: 20.25 mg or 40.5 mg Where to apply shoulders or upper arms Starting dosage: 40.5 mg daily dose early in the morning When to measure in the morning before applying the gel Testim 1% Price for a 30-day supply (in USD): around 600-610 for packets Delivery mode: pump Dosage: 20.25 mg per actuation Where to apply shoulders or upper arms Starting dosage: one pump on each shoulder for a total of 40.5 mg early in the morning, it can also be applied on inner thighs When to measure: in the morning before applying the gel Fortesta 2% Delivery mode: pump Dosage: 50 mg or 100 mg Where to apply shoulders or upper arms Starting dosage: two pumps daily in the morning on each thigh When to measure: 2 hours after applying a dose Vogelxo Price for a 30-day supply (in USD): 100-350 for 1% pump, 120-350 for generic packets Delivery mode: shoulders or upper arms Dosage: 50 mg from 4 actuations of 12.5 mg testosterone Where to apply shoulders or upper arms Starting dosage: 50 mg daily in the morning When to measure before applying a dose Androderm Delivery mode: patch applied at night after 10 PM Dosage: 2 mg per day, 2.5 mg per day, 4 mg per day or 5 mg per day Where to apply: abdomen, upper arms, thighs, back Starting dosage: 4 mg per day When to measure: 12 hours after skin application Natesto Price for a 30-day supply (in USD): 195-300 for 5.5 mg/actuation Delivery mode: intranasal pump Dosage: 5.5 mg per pump actuation Where to apply intranasal Starting dosage: 11 mg (2 actuations) 3 times per day at an interval of 6-8 hours When to measure: 2 hours after nasal application Jatenzo Price for a 30-day supply (in USD): around 950 for 237 mg BID pill Delivery mode: oral capsule Dosage: 158 mg, 198 mg, or 237 mg Where to apply oral Starting dosage: 237 mg capsule twice a day (one in the morning, one in the evening) When to measure: 6 hours after the morning dose Testopel Delivery mode: pellet Dosage: 75 mg per pellet Where to apply can be inserted under the skin, in the fat of the buttocks, thigh or lower abdominal wall Starting dosage: 150-450 mg every 3 to 6 months When to measure: at the end of the dosing interval Aveed Delivery mode: injectable solution Dosage: 100 mg/10 ml vial, 200 mg/1-10 ml vial or 750 mg/3 ml vial Where to apply: intramuscular in the glute or thigh muscles Starting dosage: 750 mg (3 ml) in the beginning, then after 4 weeks then after every 10 weeks; 75-100 mg/week also or 150-200 mg every 2 weeks When to measure: injections are administered every 10 weeks and T measurement should be done somewhere in between injections (after 5 weeks or so since the last one) Xyosted Price for a 30-day supply (in USD): 455-575 for 50 mg, 75 mg and 100 mg injections Delivery mode: the solution is placed in the autoinjector Dosage: 50 mg, 75 mg or 100 mg respectively Where to apply: in the abdominal region under the skin Starting dosage: 75 mg applied under the skin once a week When to measure T levels: trough concentrations are measured 7 days after the most recent dose and only after 6 weeks since the beginning of treatment. These are just a few popular testosterone replacement products available in the US. Keep in mind that you can also procure testosterone enanthate in 5 ml (1000mgs) vials from certain pharmacies. This option usually costs less than $30 for a 30-day supply and the testosterone can be injected by each patient without requiring a doctor's visit. Similarly, TRT patients can also choose to use generic testosterone cypionate or enanthate as 400 mg to 800 mg per month that can be injected into muscle (deep IM or shallow IM) or under belly fat (subcutaneous) . The price for a 30-day supply starts at around $30 and it can go up to $85 . (Source: GoodRx). Other affordable sources of testosterone treatments can be purchased from compounding pharmacies like Empower in Houston. Check Out How AUA and ES Guidelines Differ on Testosterone Ranges AUA stands for American Urology Association and ES stands for Endocrine Society. They provide detailed insights and standards on how to interpret hormone levels and blood test results. In some cases, these committees can give different interpretations when it comes to testosterone levels. AUA Guidelines: What is a Normal Testosterone Range and Follow Up? According to the American Urology Association (AUA), you should measure your testosterone levels in the morning in a fasted state to get accurate results. The normal range is between 450 ng/dL and 600 ng/dL of blood. If your levels fall below 300 ng/dL of blood, you are considered to be deficient in testosterone. If you start testosterone replacement therapy, your first evaluation should be between 2 and 4 weeks after beginning treatment. You will also have to attend follow-up visits 6 to 12 months after starting TRT. ES Guidelines: What is a Normal Testosterone Range and Follow Up? On the other hand, the Endocrine Society (ES) gives slightly different reference ranges. For example, the normal testosterone range is between 264 ng/dL and 916 ng/dL of blood. The best moment to test your T levels is early in the morning in a fasted state. Testosterone deficiency is confirmed if your T levels fall below 264 ng/dL of blood.  TRT follow up visits should be done after 2-3 months and after 6 to 12 months from the start of your testosterone replacement protocol. How to Get Your Own Affordable Testosterone Test Remember that now it's easier than ever to check your testosterone levels and see if you are a suitable candidate for testosterone replacement therapy. If your T levels fall below 350 ng/dL and have low testosterone symptoms then you should talk with a TRT doctor and see what testosterone replacement options you have. Check your testosterone levels quickly and confidentially by ordering a total and free testosterone test from DiscountedLabs today. Key Terminology and Facts About Testosterone It's important to also have some basic understanding of how testosterone works in the body, so you can make better decisions when talking with your TRT doctor. For instance, the Leydig cells in your testicles produce more than 95% of your testosterone. Testosterone daily production ranges from 3 mg to 11 mg and it peaks early in the morning. Healthy adult males have the highest concentration of testosterone early in the morning and it gradually drops throughout the day. That's why the best time to measure your T levels is early in the morning to get accurate results. Natural Testosterone Short half-life - your testosterone has a half-life between 10 and 100 minutes. It peaks once every 3 hours as the luteinizing hormone stimulates the Leydig cells to produce more testosterone. With the passing of time, these cells become less sensitive to LH and they produce increasingly low T levels. It's estimated that males lose about 1% of their testosterone production every year after the age of 30. 2 percent is free; about 2% of your total testosterone level is free. This means that it circulates freely through the bloodstream and it can bind to other organs or tissues. 70% of your testosterone is bound to sex hormone-binding globulin and nearly 30% is bound to albumin. Testosterone metabolism - fractions of your testosterone are converted into other hormones and substances. For example, from 5% to 8% of your testosterone is converted into dihydrotestosterone (DHT). This hormone is responsible for prostate maturation and the growth of the body, as well as facial and pubic hair. About 0.3%–0.5% of your testosterone is also converted into estradiol by the aromatase enzyme. Some of the main roles of estradiol in men are involved with libido and bone health. Trough concentration - this refers to the lowest  concentration of a drug in the bloodstream immediately before injecting or administering another dose. It's highly recommended to measure your testosterone levels at trough concentration because this will produce the most accurate results. Based on these results, TRT doctors can make more accurate adjustments to your protocol. Find Out More About Testosterone Products! This is just a brief overview of some of the most popular testosterone products in the US, but there's plenty more high-quality information out there. Visit Excelmale.com and learn everything you need to know about testosterone, TRT, how to interpret your blood test data, and how to tweak your protocol for optimal results. Also, you can download the Testosterone Replacement Options paper from this link.   References: [1] "FDA-approved testosterone formulations include the topical gel, transdermal patch, buccal system (applied to upper gum or inner cheek), and injection. The manufacturers of two prescription..." URL: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/postmarket-drug-safety-information-patients-and-providers/testosterone-information [2] "by Drugs.com Brand names of testosterone include Androderm, AndroGel, Fortesta, Testim, Depo-Testosterone, Testopel, Aveed, Natesto, Vogelxo, Xyosted, Jatenzo, Tlando, and Kyzatrex. Testosterone is an androgen indicated for testosterone replacement therapy in males." URL: https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/brands-testosterone-3510863/   Recommended Sources: Testosterone Replacement Therapy Options | Excel Male TRT Forum Testosterone Replacement Products in the U.S.: Video Review by Nelson Vergel - ExcelMale Testosterone Test Near Me: Your Complete Guide Testosterone levels show steady decrease among young US men        

Except for estradiol, no hormone is more misunderstood than dihydrotestosterone, or DHT. Many men fear DHT, going out of their way to use a DHT blocker for their medical condition. However, DHT is a critical hormone, one that men need for sexual and prostate health, cognitive function, skeletal strength, and many other reasons. Like everything in life, there are downsides to DHT, but the upside of healthy DHT levels far outweighs the challenges it can present. It is crucial to choose a DHT blocker that has support from scientific research in order to ensure both safety and efficacy when considering its use for hair thickness and general health care. In the intricate world of hormones and their impact on men's health, Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) often emerges as a topic of considerable debate and intrigue. This potent androgen, frequently overshadowed by its more famous counterpart testosterone, plays a pivotal role in numerous physiological processes yet is often misunderstood or feared due to its association with certain medical conditions. Our journey in this article is to demystify DHT, unraveling its complexities to reveal not just the concerns it raises but, more importantly, the indispensable benefits it offers for male health. From sexual wellness to cognitive abilities and skeletal integrity, DHT's influence is far-reaching, making it essential to understand and appreciate its role in the broader context of hormonal balance and overall health. DHT – FRIEND OR ENEMY? Except for estradiol, no hormone is more misunderstood than dihydrotestosterone, or DHT. Many men fear DHT, going out of their way to lower it and frustrate its biological activity. However, DHT is a critical hormone, one that men need for sexual and prostate growth, cognitive function, skeletal strength, and many other reasons, such as hormonal health conditions. Like everything in life, DHT has downsides, but the upside of healthy DHT levels far outweighs the challenges it can present. DHT, the main hormone involved in male-pattern hair loss, can attach to receptors in your scalp and damage your hair follicles, leading to a receding hairline, hair thinning, and even severe hair loss. DHT – Where it Comes From The principal hormone produced in men is, of course, testosterone. When testosterone is produced by the testicles (or injected or absorbed by a man on testosterone replacement), an enzyme, 5-alpha reductase(5-AR), sets to work, converting a portion of that testosterone to DHT, which is the conversion of testosterone into the androgen hormone dihydrotestosterone (DHT). This conversion prevents some testosterone from reaching the androgen receptors in the brain, genitals, skin, and other tissues. Initially, that may sound like the body is deprived of a needed hormone, testosterone. However, for the most part, this conversion is actually in a man’s best interest. Though estimates vary, DHT binds much more efficiently to androgen receptors; DHT is 300 to 500 percent more efficient at reaching and binding to the receptors and is far more potent than testosterone. If tissues were deprived of DHT, 5-AR hadn’t done its job; there would be dramatic physiological changes. While it is true that testosterone remains the primary, active androgen in muscle and muscle development, DHT is still critical for testosterone's full performance-enhancing effects. Specifically, the impact of DHT on the central nervous system increases neurological efficiency and strength. The production of body hair DHT comes from testosterone, with the help of the enzyme 5-alpha reductase (5-AR). The production of DHT is a natural process that occurs when testosterone is converted into the androgen hormone dihydrotestosterone (DHT) with the help of the enzyme 5-alpha reductase (5-AR). DHT – Positive Effects  To understand DHT’s androgenic properties, consider the following. Male Development – Physical and sexual development in the human male is DHT-dependent. DHT is responsible for the growth and development of the penis, the prostate, and the testicles. It not only helps with sex differentiation during fetal development but also supports the changes that occur during puberty and adulthood. Libido – DHT supports a healthy sex drive. Men with optimal levels of the hormone report a far stronger drive than men with lower levels. Prostate Health – Men with balanced levels of DHT may have fewer prostate health issues. Cognitive Function – One study indicated that administering DHT to men between 34 and 70 resulted in memory improvements. The androgenic properties of the hormone encouraged the retrieval of stored memories and the archiving of new ones. Low/lower levels of DHT were linked to a decline in cognitive function in elderly men. Blood Sugar Management – Higher levels of DHT help to reduce the risk of diabetes by controlling sugar levels and preventing hyperglycemia. DHT can improve insulin sensitivity, support efforts to lose weight, and may provide adjunctive support in treating diabetes.  Cardiovascular Health – Men with coronary artery disease may benefit from higher levels of DHT since lower hormone levels have been shown to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. It may be a simple association – higher levels of DHT might lower the mortality associated with heart disease. Stroke Risk – Researchers followed a group of men for six years and learned that higher levels of DHT and testosterone seemed to lower the risk of stroke.  Depression – In one study, men who used finasteride, a drug that blocks 5-AR and, thus, generates lower levels of DHT, had higher rates of depression than a control group. DHT may well be necessary to support mental and emotional health. Anti-Aging – Higher levels of DHT, testosterone, and estradiol seem to slow the decline associated with aging. Lower levels of all three hormones brought about cellular changes seen in the elderly. Higher levels were associated with “younger” cellular function. Bone and Skeletal Health – Along with estradiol, appropriate levels of DHT support and maintain bone density in men. DHT – The Downside The DHT story is firm but not universally positive. The drawbacks of DHT must be considered. Baldness – Hair loss is probably the number one DHT—harmful in the minds of most men who are involved in testosterone therapy. Studies have shown that higher levels of DHT are linked to increased male-pattern baldness. In women, elevated levels of DHT can lead to male-like hair growth patterns. Cancer – DHT is critical for the normal development of the prostate, but high hormone levels have been associated with prostate cancer risk. However, studies on DHT and prostate cancer are contradictory. Acne – Inflammatory acne flares have been linked to DHT.  DHT – The Bottom Line: A Friend or Foe? For men, DHT is a friend and an important one. However, like virtually every hormone in the body, the key to health is balance. If DHT levels drop too far, men open themselves to low libido.  DHT is not likely to be tested in most men undergoing testosterone replacement therapy. Some clinicians fail to recognize the importance of DHT for men’s health and libido, so they fail to monitor it. It’s entirely possible, even likely, that some men are not obtaining the maximum benefits of testosterone replacement because (unbeknownst to them) their DHT levels are not optimal.  DiscountedLabs.com offers a highly affordable DHT test to help you determine if your body is producing sufficient DHT. The DHT test is quick, easy to administer, and reliable.   How to Increase DHT There are natural ways to boost DHT levels if one is not on a testosterone replacement protocol. Here are a few things that can be done. Exercise more, particularly resistance training and high-intensity training. Increase your intake of caffeine, creatine, or green tea supplements. Boost the amount of zinc in your diet via the food you eat or a supplement. Take a DHEA supplement if your DHEA blood level is low. Get a DHEA blood test Lose weight. Optimize your testosterone blood level, which is low. Last but not least, use a scrotal testosterone cream. Applying compounded (alcohol-free) testosterone cream to the testicular skin has increased DHT considerably. Using a DHT Blocker to Lower DHT It should be clear that most men have no reason to suppress their DHT levels. However, Propecia is regularly prescribed as a DHT blocker for men anxious about losing their hair, specifically to address male pattern baldness (a.k.a. androgenic alopecia). As was noted, Propecia will stop or suppress the 5-AR activity that produces DHT, thereby reducing DHT production. By blocking or slowing the work of 5-AR, one of the possible adverse side effects that DHT can have, male pattern baldness, may be prevented or arrested. Unfortunately, there is scientific evidence that some men who take this medication may risk lowering their libido and mood. In many cases, using DHT blockers like finasteride can help you to slow down or stop androgenic hair loss and even stimulate growth, allowing people to slow down or prevent hair loss and maintain a full head of thicker, healthier hair well into their 40s, 50s, and 60s. Topical finasteride is not FDA-approved yet but has shown promise in clinical studies. It can be sold by compounding pharmacies with a prescription. For reasons still not clearly understood, this medication can produce a syndrome in some men very similar to those symptoms associated with hypogonadism. Loss of libido, weak erections, malaise, and fatigue plague many men even after they have stopped using the drug. While it’s true that no one wants to lose their hair, no man wants to wind up with what has come to be known as post-finasteride syndrome. With proper attention, DHT can be a friend and ally in the search for optimal health. Don’t fear it; accept it and have it work to your advantage. Conclusion Navigating the intricate landscape of DHT and its role in men's health requires a nuanced understanding that balances the pros and cons. While concerns like male pattern baldness and potential links to certain health issues cannot be overlooked, the substantial benefits of DHT in areas like sexual health, cognitive function, and metabolic regulation highlight its critical role. The key lies in achieving hormonal equilibrium and ensuring that DHT levels are maintained within an optimal range. For those considering testosterone replacement therapy or DHT blockers, it's crucial to make informed decisions based on a comprehensive understanding of DHT's impact and the latest scientific research. At DiscountedLabs.com, we offer affordable and reliable DHT testing, empowering you to make the best choices for your health and wellbeing. Remember, DHT is not just a hormone to be managed but a vital component of a balanced and healthy male physiology.   Buy Your DHT TEST on DiscountedLabs.com