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High hematocrit levels, which measure the percentage of red blood cells in the blood, can be signs of several underlying health conditions and they are also a common side effect of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT). High hematocrit levels can increase the risk of developing blood clots, strokes, and other serious complications, especially for those with an underlying condition. Low red blood cell levels, also known as low hematocrit levels, can indicate conditions such as anemia, while high red blood cell levels often signal dehydration and could indicate other conditions, such as polycythemia, increasing a person’s chance of developing blood clots or experiencing blood loss. We will review the different ways to lower the hematocrit and the number of red blood cells on TRT. How to Lower the High Hematocrit Caused by Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT) Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is one of the most effective ways to combat low testosterone levels, but it's vital that you understand the risks associated with the treatment. As with any form of hormone replacement therapy, there are a few downsides to receiving regular injections of testosterone. One of the main TRT side effects is increased hematocrit, also known as erythrocytosis, which can be a sign of androgen deficiency. This article will explain why this happens, the potential long-term health consequences, and how to prevent or manage this issue. Since abnormally high hematocrit values can pose serious health problems, this article will analyze the correlation between testosterone therapy and high hematocrit. TRT, sleep apnea, smoking, and red blood cell production are contributing factors that can cause high hematocrit that can increase cardiovascular risks if not properly managed. This article explains the basics of how to manage high hematocrit while using testosterone therapy. What is hematocrit? There are several standard ways to measure red blood cells: hematocrit, hemoglobin, and RBC (red blood cell count). All of these are related, and doctors will usually look at two or more. Hematocrit, also referred to as the proportion of red blood cells, is a measurement of how much of a person's blood is made up of red blood cells, also known as whole blood. Hemoglobin, on the other hand, is a density or concentration measurement and is expressed in grams per liter or deciliter. (Hemoglobin is, if you will recall from your high school biology, the iron-based protein that transports oxygen.) RBC is a simple count and is usually expressed as the number of million red blood cells that you have per microliter. Usually, hematocrit is three times the amount of hemoglobin and can be measured through a simple blood sample test. What are the normal ranges for hematocrit?  Normal levels of hematocrit for men range from 41% to 50%. normal level for women is 36% to 48%. Why does TRT increase hematocrit? Erythrocytosis is a medical condition that appears when the body makes too many red blood cells. RBCs are responsible for transporting oxygen to organs and tissues. When there are too many, the blood can become too thick and cause cardiovascular complications. There are two types of erythrocytosis: primary and secondary. Problems with the bone marrow, such as bone marrow disease, are typically the cause of primary erythrocytosis. RBCs are made in the bone marrow, and something might trigger an increase in their production. Certain diseases or medications, such as testosterone replacement therapy, can cause secondary erythrocytosis. Some studies concluded that testosterone reduces hepcidin (a hepatic hormone), which is related to iron absorption pathways. When hepcidin is reduced, erythrocytosis is increased [1] An increase in hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) is indicative of this medical condition. When the Hb is higher than 18.5 g/dL and the Hct is higher than 52% in men, the patient suffers from erythrocytosis.   What are the risks of high hematocrit? One of the primary risks of testosterone that you need to be aware of is called polycythemia or erythrocytosis. This is a condition where your body produces too many red blood cells, also known as high hematocrit levels or secondary polycythemia. Hematocrit refers to the percent of red blood cell content in your blood, also known as Hct levels. If your hemocrit levels rise, your blood will become too thick or viscous. This can, in turn, make it more likely that you will develop strokes, heart attacks, and clotting events. Polycythemia is serious and potentially life-threatening if untreated. Since the RBC count is too high in people with erythrocytosis, the blood viscosity also increases, which can lead to various potentially life-threatening medical issues such as venous thromboembolism. This essentially means that tiny blood clots separate from their original source and travel through veins and capillaries, causing blockages that result in stroke, myocardial infarction, or other complications related to reduced blood flow and blood volume. Individuals with high hematocrit levels may also be at risk for conditions such as polycythemia vera, a bone marrow disease that causes an abnormal increase in red blood cells and can lead to symptoms of polycythemia vera such as headache, dizziness, and fatigue. Other potential risks include congenital heart disease, exposure to high altitudes, and reactions to blood transfusions. It can be quite stressful for a man who has finally gotten on TRT, feels better, and then finds out that his hemoglobin is high. Of course, he can always lower his testosterone dosage to try to solve the problem, but this may not be a solution that either doctor or patient wants to pursue. Many men have found that their erectile dysfunction is greatly helped and/or morning erections and libido have returned. The last thing they want to do is lower their dose. So why even worry about a high hemoglobin or RBC count? What’s a few extra red blood cells anyway? Unfortunately, high hemoglobin (or RBCs) is a risk factor for ischemic stroke, i.e., the standard kind of stroke where there is a loss of blood supply to tissues such that permanent damage is usually incurred. [2] Of course, a stroke can be a life-changing (or life-ending) event and should be avoided at all costs. There is also a longer-term risk: elevated hemoglobin could lead to unhealthy iron store levels, which are associated with heart disease and dementia. Iron in tissues can lead to oxidative damage. Just look at what some recent studies have concluded: “Low and high hemoglobin concentrations in older persons are associated with a lower level of cognitive function in old age, particularly in semantic memory and perceptual speed.” [3] “In older persons without dementia, both lower and higher hemoglobin levels are associated with an increased hazard for developing AD [Alzheimer’s Disease] and more rapid cognitive decline.” [4] Can hematocrit stabilize in men on TRT? Hematocrit may stabilize after long-term testosterone replacement. Although there is only one study done in mice, it may explain why hematocrit may eventually decrease and stabilize in men on TRT. There seems to be an adaptive mechanism that makes red blood cell indices change while hematocrit stabilizes. In some men, red blood cell indices (MCV and MCHC) start changing after starting TRT as a way for the body to compensate for the extra production of red blood cells. There are three red blood cell indices: mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). They are measured by a machine, and their values come from other measurements on a CBC panel. The MCV shows the size of the red blood cells. The MCH value is the amount of hemoglobin in an average red blood cell. The MCHC measures the concentration of hemoglobin in an average red blood cell. [5] Another study that followed frequent blood donors found a reduction in ferritin in them, created as a way for the body to increase iron absorption in the presence of lower hematocrit. Ferritin and hematocrit stabilized after five donations.[6] How to Lower High Hematocrit on TRT Some physicians and TRT guidelines believe that the best way to lower hematocrit is to stop TRT. But stopping TRT can have negative consequences in the quality of life, as men who do so tend to stay hypogonadal for months, and most do not return to “normal levels.”. Fortunately, there are several ways to decrease high hematocrit and also potentially prevent it from happening. Give Blood. This is a time-proven technique for men on testosterone therapy to lower their hemoglobin levels. And you are helping out someone else while you’re doing it! Every unit of blood donated can decrease hematocrit by 3 points, which is equivalent to one pint of blood. However, be careful not to donate more frequently than every 2.5 months, as the Red Cross advises, to prevent losing too much iron and ferritin, which can cause fatigue in men using testosterone therapy. You can check your iron and ferritin levels with this iron blood test. It's recommended that you donate when you are in the 51–52 hematocrit range. However, some organizations (like the Red Cross) will reject blood with a hematocrit higher than 53%, so it is good to avoid that high hematocrit level if you want to donate blood. Men who are rejected from blood donations because of high hematocrit can still give blood if their physicians call in an order for a therapeutic phlebotomy at the local blood center.   Lower Your TRT Dose. If you have high hemoglobin or hematocrit from testosterone therapy, then your doctor may require you to lower your dose. This is not always a bad thing, as some men are actually taking more testosterone than they actually need, which can lead to side effects in both the long and short term.   Drink Water. It is important to remember that hemoglobin is very dependent on your hydration levels. If you were dehydrated when you had your blood drawn, this could have made things worse. If you think you were dehydrated, discuss a retest with your doctor.   Treat Thyroid Issues. Hypothyroidism (low thyroid function) can lower your RBC counts, and hyperthyroidism (high thyroid function) can raise them, too. If you haven’t checked your thyroid function lately, this might be wise. And don’t forget to get a full thyroid panel, including thyroid antibodies, if you can afford it. [10]   Consider transdermal (topical) or oral testosterone. One research summary stated that topical testosterone creams or gels increase hematocrit, in general, less than intramuscular testosterone injections: “Intramuscular testosterone is the only form that significantly increases hematocrit above normal levels. However, it does so strongly, with up to a 6% change from baseline. The runner-up is testosterone gel, with an average increase of 2.5% over baseline levels.” [7]. Therefore, if you are on intramuscular injections and struggling with high hematocrit or hemoglobin, going on topicals may help a little. Discuss with your physician. NOTE: A cheap alternative is Compounded Testosterone Creams and Gels. Another emerging option is oral testosterone products.   Switch from intramuscular injections to lower-dose subcutaneous Subcutaneous Testosterone Injections. Two hundred thirty-two men took part in a University of California study. Baseline levels were recorded for all men in each of the four measurement areas and then again at 6–12 weeks post-treatment. The results showed that men who underwent subcutaneous testosterone (SubQ) injections had a 14% greater increase in total testosterone levels compared to the testosterone levels of intramuscular testosterone injection (IM) patients. SubQ patients also had a 41% lower hematocrit post-therapy than IM patients and 26.5% lower estradiol levels. For both groups of men, there were no elevated levels of PSA. [7]   Avoid or Reduce the Consumption of Red Meats. It is interesting because one of the criticisms that meat eaters level against vegetarians is that plant foods have many “anti-nutrients” that can slow down or bind with minerals such as iron. For example, organizations like Weston Price love to castigate vegetarians for their phytic acid consumption. Phytic acid is present in plant foods and binds to iron, magnesium, phosphorous, and calcium. It can, if overconsumed, lead to mineral deficiencies. However, Dr. Bernard points out that usually, it is likely very health-protective for most people because these minerals, as in the case of zinc and iron, are neurotoxic at even relatively low levels of tissue accumulation. Research has also shown that too much iron also contributes to heart disease, and there may be a link to colon cancer as well. [8]So, avoiding red meats, which are high in iron, stands a good chance of lowering your hemoglobin scores and protecting your long-term health unless some other preventative action is taken (such as giving blood). Actual dietary studies are required to support this statement. As a verification, one study of vegetarians and non-vegetarians found that females had significantly lower hemoglobin levels. Males had lower levels, but it may not have been statistically significant. [8] However, another study was more definitive and concluded: “It was found that hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, white blood cells, neutrophils, serum ferritin, and serum vitamin B12 in vegetarians were significantly lower than control subjects.” [11] Ferritin is a key measure, by the way, because it indicates that tissue levels of iron are lower and thus will likely cause less permanent damage. (This study did show that some vegetarians were iron deficient, as should be noted.)   Fix Sleep Apnea. Sleep apnea can cause depleted oxygen saturation values that can enhance the body's ability to produce more red blood cells and hemoglobin as a way to compensate for the low blood levels of oxygen during the sleep cycle. And, sure enough, there are studies that confirm this as well. [12] So, if your hematocrit, hemoglobin, or RBCs are running high, think about getting tested for sleep apnea. A recent study commented that “one possible explanation is that repeated episodes of nocturnal hypoxia (low oxygen condition) lead to a hypercoagulable state that predisposes patients to thrombotic (blood clotting) events. There is evidence supporting a wide array of hematological changes that affect hemostasis (e.g., increased hematocrit, blood viscosity, platelet activation, clotting factors, and decreased fibrinolytic activity).”   Reduce Inflammation. Hepcidin, the iron absorption-modulating hormone, can be decreased even further by inflammation. Checking for infections, CRP levels, etc., and then treating the underlying cause may help. [13]   Consider Curcumin (Turmeric). Turmeric or curcumin, is increasingly studied as an anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent. It binds to ferric iron in the gut and causes iron deficiency in mice. A case history reported a possible case of iron deficiency anemia in a human taking turmeric. [14]    Stop Smoking. Smoking reduces the amount of oxygen in the blood and makes the body produce more red blood cells and hemoglobin to compensate for that lower oxygen saturation.[14]    Treat High Blood Pressure with Losartan. If you have high blood pressure, consider taking Losartan.[15] Losartan can be safely and effectively used to normalize hematocrit in patients with COPD and erythrocytosis, an effect that could obviate the need for therapeutic phlebotomy.    Consider Grapefruit. Grapefruit extract (narigin) may decrease hematocrit [16]. There was no significant difference between ingesting 1/2 or 1 grapefruit per day, but a decrease in hematocrit due to ingestion of grapefruit was statistically significant at the p less than 0.01 level. However, discuss with your physician the fact that grapefruit can increase the blood levels of medications. The most important message of this article is that monitoring hematocrit every few months is a smart way to minimize cardiovascular risks associated with high hematocrit. You can buy your hematocrit and related tests on DiscountedLabs.com at affordable prices. Hematocrit is included in the CBC and other panels on Discounted Labs: Get Your Hematocrit Test Now Testosterone, Hematocrit, Ultrasensitive Estradiol and Prolactin Panel Hematocrit + Total and Free Testosterone References The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 95, Issue 10, 1 October 2010, Pages 4743–4747 Eur Neurol, 1996, 36(2):85-8. Neuroepidemiology, 2008 December, 32(1): 40 46, “ Relation of Hemoglobin to Level of Cognitive Function in Older Persons” Neurology, 2011 Jul 19, 77(3):219-26, “Hemoglobin level in older persons and incident Alzheimer disease: prospective cohort analysis. Endocrinology. 2015 May; 156(5): 1623–1629. TRANSFUSION 2008; 48: 2197-2204. Comparison of Outcomes for Hypogonadal Men Treated with Intramuscular Testosterone Cypionate versus Subcutaneous Testosterone Enanthate SIU Academy. Choi E. 10/10/20; 309864; BSP-06.01  International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences Vol. 2 (3) 2006: pp. 174–177, “Comparative study of the hemoglobin concentration of vegetarian and non-vegetarian subjects in Ogun state, Nigeria” World J Gastroenterol, 2006 September 21, 12(35): 5644-5650, “Hemoglobin induces colon cancer cell proliferation by release of reactive oxygen species” Iran J Ped Hematol Oncol, 2013; 3(2):73-77, “Effect of Thyroid Dysfunctions on Blood Cell Count and Red Blood Cell Indices” J Med Assoc Thai, 1999 Mar, 82(3):304-11, “Hematological parameters, ferritin and vitamin B12 in vegetarians” Can Respir J. 2011 Nov-Dec; 18(6): 338-348, “Coagulability in obstructive sleep apnea” Am J Kidney Dis. 2012;59(3):444-451

Take Control of Your Heart Health with an LpA Blood Test You likely know that keeping an eye on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels is important. But there could be more to this subject than you first realized. In this blog post, we will look closely at LDL and lipoprotein A. We will discuss how these factors contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. We will refer to recent studies from the European Atherosclerosis Society to help us understand their impact on heart health. We will explore how this new research changes what we know about cardiovascular health. We will look at different studies and results to give you a complete look at how LDL affects heart health. We will also talk about possible treatments for people with high LDL levels. Plus, we will share tips on how to keep cholesterol levels healthy. For more information on LDL and cardiovascular disease, read this blog post. We look at the latest studies in this area. Our goal is to give readers useful info that can help them prevent cardiovascular disease. What is Lipoprotein A? A type of low-density lipoprotein called lipoprotein (a), or Lp(a), contains a protein called apolipoprotein (a), known as apo(a). Lipoproteins are made of fats and proteins. They help carry cholesterol in our blood to different cells in the body. Research shows that Lp(a) is a risk factor for heart disease and related problems like atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, and stroke. Another protein, apolipoprotein b-100, or apoB100, works with apo(a). It is important for the structure and function of Lp(a). Lp(a) causes inflammation. This makes it more likely for plaques to break apart. It can also narrow the aortic valve, a condition called aortic stenosis. Lp(a) leads to long-lasting inflammation, which can cause calcium to build up on the valve and make it stiff. A person's Lp(a) level in the blood is mostly due to genes, not lifestyle. This means that diet and exercise don't change Lp(a) levels. However, monitoring and managing Lp(a) is very important to avoid problems like reduced blood flow and to keep heart health, as it is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Lipoprotein A (Lp(a)) is a type of lipoprotein that moves cholesterol and fats in the blood. It is made up of apolipoprotein (ApoA) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Scientists have found a connection between LDL, known as "bad" cholesterol, and a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. Lp(a) is like LDL, but it has an extra protein called ApoA. This extra component makes it harder for the body to break it down. The European Atherosclerosis Society suggests that checking Lp(a) levels should be done regularly with lipid panel tests. High levels of Lp(a) are linked to a greater risk of heart disease and stroke. Research shows that people with higher Lp(a) levels face more risk for these health issues, even if their total cholesterol and LDL levels look good. A person with Lp(a) levels between 31 to 50 mg/dL is seen as being at high risk. It's important to know that having high Lp(a) does not mean you will get heart disease. However, if you have higher than average levels, you should have your doctor or healthcare provider check on you more often. This could help avoid problems later on. Research shows that changing some habits can help lower your Lp(a) naturally. You can do this by exercising more, eating a healthy diet, keeping a healthy weight, reducing stress, and quitting smoking. These changes can lower Lp(a) over time without needing medicine or supplements. Checking your Lipoprotein A levels can give you valuable information about your overall health. It can help you make better choices to protect yourself from heart diseases in the future. Understanding what actions you need to take now can prevent serious medical problems later on. Complex lipoprotein A is linked to heart problems, so measuring it is necessary. It's important to know how this measurement can help your health. Measuring Lipoprotein A can bring several benefits. Why Measure Lipoprotein A? Lp(a) is a type of LDL particle. It carries cholesterol in the body. The levels of Lp(a) can show risks for cardiovascular disease, strokes, and other health problems. Testing Lp(a) levels is helpful. It helps in finding possible concerns about heart health, strokes, and other medical issues. The European Atherosclerosis Society found that high Lp(a) levels raise the risk of coronary artery disease. Researchers discovered this link in 1993. They found that people with high Lp(a) levels faced a greater risk of heart disease and heart attacks compared to those with normal levels. We don't completely know why high levels of Lp(a) can increase the chance of cardiovascular disease. Some ideas suggest it may be because Lp(a) can attach to plasminogen. This stops blood from clotting, making blood vessels more likely to get damaged. Studies have shown that higher Lp(a) levels are connected to thicker artery walls. This can lead to a higher risk of blood clots, heart attacks, or strokes. To find out if you might have a higher risk of heart disease, it's important to check your Lipoprotein A level. A lipid profile panel, also called a "lipid panel," is a simple blood test your doctor can do. This test measures your total cholesterol, good cholesterol (HDL), bad cholesterol (LDL), triglycerides, and Lp(a). The results from the lipid profile panel are usually shown in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).   We suggest talking to a doctor before deciding on any treatment based only on test results. For example, if someone has high levels of Lipoprotein A, they might need to take statins. They may also need to make lifestyle changes like exercising more and eating healthier foods. These steps can lower their risk linked to high levels of lipoprotein. A proactive approach may help prevent heart diseases related to these issues, as shown in clinical trials. Monitoring lipoprotein A is crucial for your health. You should closely monitor your levels. Lipoprotein A levels above normal may indicate a health issue. Let's take a closer look at what this means. High Levels of Lipoprotein A Lpa is a type of cholesterol found in your blood. When Lp(a) levels are high, it may raise the risk of heart problems, strokes, and other health issues. This underscores the importance of monitoring it closely. Learning how to control high levels of this lipoprotein, also called high levels of LP, is key to lowering the risk of these diseases. It is important to recognize the two types of Lp(a)—oxidized and non-oxidized—when measuring them. Research indicates that a higher risk of coronary artery disease is associated with the oxidized form. On the other hand, the non-oxidized form does not seem to impact heart health. Lipoprotein(a)-Lpa Blood TestLimits: High levels of Lp(a) can increase your risk of a heart attack or stroke. This happens because plaque forms in blood vessels over time. The buildup makes it harder for blood to flow to the lower body. High Lp(a) levels can also harm organs like the pancreas and liver. This may raise the chances of diabetes or kidney issues. Additionally, people with high Lp(a) may feel inflammation in their body. This can lead to joint pain or chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Your doctor may suggest some lifestyle changes, like eating a balanced diet and getting regular exercise, to help lower high Lp(a) levels. If needed, they may also give you medications, like statins. It is important to take these drugs with medical supervision to avoid any possible side effects. If your lifestyle changes are insufficient to manage the blockages caused by plaque buildup, surgery may be a viable option. However, this should only be a choice after carefully considering the best treatment options for your situation. In the end, knowing why Lp(a) levels are high and how it impacts overall health can help people understand their medical needs. This understanding allows them to live without issues related to this condition. Monitoring your lipoprotein A levels is important. It helps reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke. Next, let’s explore what low lipoprotein A levels can mean for our health. Low Levels of Lpa Healthy Lp(a) levels are usually between 0 and 30 mg/dL. If the Lp(a) levels are lower than normal, it could mean there is a health problem or a genetic issue. It's a good idea to talk to a doctor in that case. For people with low Lpa levels, extra tests or treatments are not usually needed. The chance of having coronary artery disease is low for them. However, if Lp(a) levels are high, it is a good idea to see a doctor. This way, you can discuss possible treatments. Genetics can strongly influence Lp(a) levels in the body. Some versions of the gene that produces lipoprotein A may cause higher levels in the blood. Many people only find out about these genetic variations after they start to feel symptoms. By then, it might be too late to take preventive steps like changing their lifestyle or using medicines to lower cholesterol and boost heart health. That’s why it’s essential to talk to your healthcare provider about your family history and any risks for high Lp(a) levels. This conversation can help find the best plan for you and your family members. Using a simple blood test, you can check your Lp (a) levels. You can choose to go to a doctor's office or use a testing kit you can find online or in stores across America. Getting your results is fast and easy. Just follow the instructions from the manufacturer on the kit. This includes collecting a small sample from a fingerprick or a blood draw and processing it properly. You will have your results within minutes. If you find that your levels are high, it is good to see a doctor. If your levels are low, you are likely safe, but you might still want to look into any other health issues you may have. But having low lipoprotein A levels can be good for your health. The best way to make sure you have enough lipoprotein A is to get tested.   How to Buy a Lpa Blood Test A simple blood test can check the levels of Lp(a). This level is a mix of cholesterol and proteins. Testing for Lp(a) can help you understand your risk for cardiovascular disease, stroke, and other serious health issues. There might be a link between high Lp(a) levels and a higher risk of several health issues. These include coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral arterial disease, blood clots, and even some cancers. High Lp(a) levels can affect how blood clots and increase inflammation. This can raise the chances of getting coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral arterial disease, blood clots, and certain cancers. Low levels of Lp(a) can mean a lower risk of getting diseases linked to bad heart health. This makes it important to check when looking at someone's overall heart health. In the United States, you can take a simple blood test to check for Lp(a) without going to the doctor. You usually get the results in just 1-2 days after they take your sample. This makes it easy to check your results from home or work. You can choose to take 2 ml of blood from either your arm or finger for the test, based on what feels most comfortable for you. DiscountedLabs.com offers a cheap lipoprotein A test. Anyone in the U.S. can buy it without going to a doctor or using insurance. Click here to buy a Lpa blood test FAQs Related to Lpa Blood Test   What is the best treatment for lipoprotein A? The best way to treat high lipoprotein A (Lp(a)) levels is to reduce the risk factors. A healthy diet, regular exercise, and managing stress are important for this. If these changes aren't enough to lower your Lp(a) levels, doctors might prescribe medications like statins or niacin. Another option is lipoprotein apheresis, which works like dialysis to take out excess Lp(a) and LDL-cholesterol from the blood. Testosterone replacement therapy may also help in lowering lipoprotein A. Testosterone therapy can lower lipoprotein a levels. A study tested normal men with testosterone alone or with the aromatase inhibitor testolactone. This showed how their Lp(a) levels changed when testosterone turned into estradiol. The average Lp(a) values dropped by 37% with testosterone alone. Combining testosterone with testolactone resulted in a 28% decrease. This means that testosterone mainly reduces Lp(a) in men through its androgenic effects, not from turning into estradiol. Treating hypothyroidism with the right thyroid therapy can help improve lipoprotein A levels. A study found that people with hypothyroidism had lower HDL-cholesterol levels. At the same time, their other lipid levels and Lp(a) levels were higher compared to other people without hypothyroidism. This study also showed that in hypothyroid patients, Lp(a) levels had a positive relationship with TSH levels. Talk to your doctor about the best plan for you. This should be based on your personal health needs and goals. What can cause lipoprotein A to be high? Blood has a type of cholesterol called lipoprotein A (LP(A)). High levels of LP(A) can be caused by genetics, some health problems, and lifestyle choices like smoking or a poor diet. Having high levels of LP(A) might mean a greater risk for cardiovascular disease and stroke. This is especially true if you have familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) or signs of coronary heart disease. To reduce your LP(A) levels, it's important to make healthy lifestyle changes. This includes eating a balanced diet that is low in saturated fats and exercising often. If you feel concerned about your LP(A) levels, talking to a medical professional is the best way to manage it properly. What does high lipoprotein A indicate? People with high Lp(a) have a greater chance of getting heart disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease. Lp(a) is made up of an LDL molecule and an apolipoprotein. Blood tests can show high levels of Lp(a). Research connects high levels of Lp(a) to a higher risk of heart problems and strokes. Right now, we don’t have any proven treatments for high Lp(a). So, it is important to make lifestyle changes. Eating healthy foods that are low in saturated fat and exercising regularly can help lower Lp(a) levels naturally. How can I lower my Lpa blood test result naturally? Making changes to your lifestyle can help lower your low-density lipoprotein (LDL), which is often called "bad" cholesterol. A diet that is low in saturated fat is important. Regular exercise is key, too, and staying at a healthy weight also helps reduce LDL levels. You should also add foods that are high in soluble fiber, like oats, legumes, and apples, to your meals. Finally, quitting smoking and cutting back on alcohol will also improve your overall health while helping to lower LDL levels. Conclusion Lipoprotein A is an important marker for heart health. A simple blood test can measure your lipoprotein A levels. A doctor or healthcare provider should explain your test results. If your lipoprotein A is high, you should consider changing your lifestyle. This could mean exercising more, eating healthy foods, and managing stress to lower your risk of heart problems. If your levels are low and you have other symptoms, more tests may be needed. Knowing about lipoprotein A can help you make better choices for your health and wellbeing. Reference: Tsimikas S, Marcovina SM. Ancestry, lipoprotein(a), and cardiovascular risk thresholds: JACC review topic of the week. J Am Coll Cardiol 2022;80:934-46. Simantiris S, Antonopoulos AS, Papastamos C, et al. Lipoprotein(a) and inflammation- pathophysiological links and clinical implications for cardiovascular disease. J Clin Lipidol 2023;17:55-63. Fanshawe AE, Ibrahim M. The current status of lipoprotein(a) in pregnancy: a literature review. J Cardiol 2013;61:99-106. Kotwal A, Cortes T, Genere N, et al. Treatment of thyroid dysfunction and serum lipids: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020;Dec 1:[ePub ahead of print]. Laron Z. Increase of serum lipoprotein(a), an adverse effect of growth hormone treatment. Growth Horm IGF Res 2022;Sep 9:[ePub ahead of print]. Kronenberg F. Causes and consequences of lipoprotein(a) abnormalities in kidney disease. Clin Exp Nephrol 2014;18:234-7. Zmumda et al.,Testosterone decreases lipoprotein(a) in men. Am J Cardiol. 1996 Jun 1;77(14):1244-7. Kaliaperumal et al. Relationship between Lipoprotein(a) and Thyroid Hormones in Hypothyroid Patients J Clin Diagn Res. 2014 Feb; 8(2): 37–39.

DHEA Levels: Do You Need to Take a Supplement? The dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) test checks how much DHEA-S is in the blood. The adrenal gland produces the hormone DHEA-S. It is a building block for androgens and estrogens. The test is generally done to check how well the adrenal glands are working and to look into conditions that might cause hormone production to be off. DHEA-S test, also known as the test DHEA sulfate, can help figure out what’s causing irregular periods, infertility, and a low libido. It is also used to find out if someone has a growth in their adrenal gland, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, or polycystic ovary syndrome. People on long-term glucocorticoid medicine can also use the test to check how well their adrenal glands are working. It is an important test for people who think their hormones might be out of order. What is DHEA? The adrenal glands also produce dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), the most abundant hormone found in the blood stream. Your adrenal glands and, to a lesser extent, your ovaries and testes produce the hormone known as DHEA. DHEA is changed into DHEA-S in your adrenal glands and liver. The body uses DHEA as the starting material for producing the sex hormones testosterone and estrogen. However, DHEA supplementation studies have shown that it only increases testosterone in women. The production of DHEA diminishes in most people after age 40. DHEA levels typically decrease with age in both men and women, highlighting its significance in hormone testing and the evaluation of conditions affecting adrenal function and hormonal balance. In people aged 70 years, DHEA levels will be approximately 30 percent lower than what they were at age 25. Low blood levels of DHEA have been associated with many degenerative conditions, making it a popular supplement for those undergoing in-vitro fertilization (IVF) treatments.   Understanding DHEA and Its Role in the Body DHEA is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands, which are small glands located on top of each kidney. These glands are responsible for producing most of the body’s DHEA, with smaller amounts being produced by the testicles in men and ovaries in women. DHEA plays a crucial role in the production of sex hormones, including testosterone and estrogen, which are essential for the development of male and female sex characteristics. As we age, DHEA levels naturally decline, with the highest levels typically occurring during puberty. This decline can lead to a range of symptoms, including decreased libido, fatigue, and weight gain. However, it’s important to note that DHEA supplements are not recommended as a way to prevent aging-related conditions, as there is no reliable evidence to support their effectiveness. While some people may seek out DHEA supplements to counteract these symptoms, it’s crucial to approach supplementation with caution and under the guidance of a healthcare professional. DHEA is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands DHEA plays a crucial role in the production of sex hormones DHEA levels naturally decline with age The Importance of DHEA Sulfate (DHEAS) DHEAS is the most abundant form of DHEA in the body, accounting for approximately 90% of the total DHEA present. Produced by the adrenal glands, DHEAS is converted into DHEA in the body. The DHEA sulfate test measures the levels of DHEAS in the blood, which can help diagnose adrenal disorders and evaluate adrenal function. DHEAS plays a crucial role in regulating the reproductive system. Abnormal levels can lead to a range of symptoms, including excess hair growth, male pattern baldness, and deepening of the voice in women. In men, high levels of DHEAS can cause early puberty, while low levels can lead to erectile dysfunction and decreased libido. In women, high levels of DHEAS can cause polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a condition characterized by irregular menstrual periods, excess hair growth, and infertility. Low levels of DHEAS can lead to adrenal insufficiency, a condition where the adrenal glands do not produce enough hormones. The DHEA sulfate test is typically ordered by a healthcare provider if symptoms indicate an adrenal disorder or adrenal tumor. The test involves a blood sample, which may cause moderate pain, a prick or sting, and possibly some throbbing or bruising after the needle is inserted. The test is usually performed at a doctor’s office or another medical setting, and the results are typically available within a few business days. Normal blood levels of DHEAS can differ by sex and age, with typical normal ranges for females being 20-150 mcg/dL and for males being 30-450 mcg/dL. Abnormal levels of DHEAS can indicate a range of conditions, including adrenal gland disorders, pituitary gland disorders, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. In conclusion, DHEA and DHEAS play crucial roles in the body, and abnormal levels can lead to a range of symptoms and conditions. The DHEA sulfate test is an essential tool for diagnosing adrenal disorders and evaluating adrenal function. If you’re experiencing symptoms related to adrenal disorders, it’s essential to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the best course of action. DHEAS is the most abundant form of DHEA in the body Who Can Benefit from Taking DHEA Supplements? Some controversial and non-conclusive studies have shown that people with immune deficiencies and fatigue may benefit from supplementation with this hormone. It is also believed to help correct some adrenal problems, such as changes in blood pressure, caused by conditions such as adrenal insufficiency. It is still available over-the-counter in the United States. Due to a recent congressional bill classifying it as a performance-enhancing steroid (despite the fact that no studies have demonstrated that it has such an effect), this might soon change. One study showed that women with the correct levels of DHEA can convert it into testosterone as their body needs it, while men do not benefit to the same degree. You need a blood test to know if you have low DHEA-S since most of the DHEA converts into this sulfated form. Common doses for women are 5 to 30 mg a day, while men tend to benefit from 25–100 mg per day (to bring low levels of DHEA-S to normal) DHEAS was the only hormone significantly negatively correlated to the prevalence of erectile dysfunction among 17 investigated hormones, including testosterone and estradiol, in the large and long-term Massachusetts Male Aging Study. In addition, a study done by Dr. Basar et al., which included 348 male patients, reported that DHEAS and free testosterone levels were significantly lower in men with sexual dysfunction. However, evidence of the positive effects of DHEA supplementation on improving sexual function in men is unconvincing, scanty, and conflicting. Only 4 placebo-controlled studies have been performed to investigate the effect of supplementing DHEA on improving libido in men. Unfortunately, the data from these studies did not show any difference in sexual desire in men. The limited effect of DHEA on male sexual function is not surprising. In fact, the specific DHEA contribution to the overall circulating testosterone level in men is marginal, if not negligible. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study was done on male and female patients with low thyroid function (hypopituitary) who were given growth hormone (GH) along with 50 mg of DHEA. When DHEA was replaced in female patients, the dose of GH dropped by 14.6 +/- 20% while serum IGF-I stayed the same (P < 0.05). This was maintained for 12 months, and there was a significant fall in serum IGF-I two months after the withdrawal of DHEA. There was no change in the male group. Do not use DHEA supplements unless your blood levels of DHEA-S are low. If low, start at a low dose and get your DHEA-S tested again after a month. Men who use DHEA supplements may have problems with higher estrogen levels since this hormone can also be metabolized into estradiol. This could result in gynecomastia and water retention. If you start taking DHEA, have your blood levels checked to make sure they are not above normal. Additionally, individuals with a history of hormone-sensitive cancers, such as breast or prostate cancer, should consult with their doctor before taking a DHEA supplement. There are many claims about DHEA being an anti-aging and anti-cancer cure, but none of these claims have been substantiated with strong data. How Do You Know Your DHEA Blood Level with a DHEA Sulfate Test? The standard blood test to evaluate DHEA status is one that measures DHEA sulfate levels (dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, or DHEA-S). DHEA-S is calculated in micrograms per deciliter (µg/dL) of blood. A DHEA-S blood test may be taken three to six weeks after initiating DHEA to help determine optimal dosing. DHEA testing may save you money if it shows you can take less DHEA to maintain youthful DHEA serum levels. Potential Benefits of DHEA Supplementation Low DHEA and Adrenal Insufficiency Adrenal insufficiency is a condition in which the adrenal glands do not produce enough of the hormone DHEA. In such cases, doctors may prescribe DHEA supplements to help alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life. The National Collegiate Athletic Association has banned the supplement, but studies have shown that it may be useful in treating lupus and adrenal insufficiency (Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier). However, further research is still needed to determine its effectiveness in treating these conditions. DHEA and Depression DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) supplements have been studied for their potential to alleviate depressive symptoms. The test DHEA sulfate can help diagnose adrenal disorders that may contribute to depressive symptoms. Studies have found that DHEA-S levels are associated with depressive symptoms in women in the late reproductive years. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials showed that DHEA may be effective in treating depressive symptoms in various psychiatric and medical illnesses. However, further research is needed to fully understand the effects of DHEA on depression and its potential as a treatment option, making DHEA treatment a potential option for those struggling with depressive symptoms. DHEA in Elderly Men A DHEA supplement has been found to be beneficial for elderly men. Studies have shown that elevated serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels correlate with an increased risk for metabolic syndrome in elderly men. DHEA supplements can also produce small decreases in fat mass in elderly men, although more research is needed to confirm this finding. Additionally, taking DHEA supplements may also have an effect on body weight and fat burning, but the evidence is unclear. It is important to consult a healthcare professional before taking any DHEA supplements, especially for elderly men with pre-existing medical conditions or those taking other medications. DHEA supplements have been suggested to slow down the aging process by maintaining DHEA levels in the body. Although some small studies have reported positive anti-aging effects from the use of DHEA supplements, others have not shown any effect. According to the Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database, there is no conclusive evidence that DHEA supplements affect the aging process. DHEA is a precursor for the production of estrogens and androgens, and its production decreases with the aging process, which makes it a controversial topic among researchers regarding its use in postmenopausal women. DHEA and Bone Density A DHEA supplement has been studied for its potential to improve bone mineral density in older women. Studies have produced mixed results, but some suggest that DHEA may increase bone mineral density in the hip and thigh bones of females. This effect seems to increase with higher doses of the supplement. DHEA can be expressed via sex steroid receptors and androgen and estrogen receptors and plays a role in bone cell proliferation and differentiation. The activation of androgen receptors can stimulate bone cell growth, which may contribute to improvements in mineral density. DHEA and Bodybuilding DHEA often gets marketed as a “muscle builder” to men. As a muscle-building supplement in young, healthy men, DHEA is essentially worthless, and high intakes may in fact be counterproductive to gaining muscle as high doses also cause an increase in estrogen and the effects on testosterone are minimal. Studies have been conflicting in this area at best, and most “real world” users report no improvements in strength, muscle mass, etc. from using DHEA, with little evidence to support its effectiveness. As a supplement that can improve mood, libido, memory, and possibly alter body composition (i.e., increase muscle, improve bone density, and reduce body fat), DHEA appears to be an option to explore for women. Most of the research has been done in DHEA-deficient populations, but data and real-world experience suggest it's also beneficial to women who are not medically deficient in this hormone, particularly in improving sex drive. Although the benefits of this hormone to women come predominately from its conversion to testosterone, it also appears that some of the effects may be due to other mechanisms. DHEA Potential Interactions Yes, it is important to be aware of potential interactions with other medications or supplements when taking a DHEA supplement. DHEA can interact with several types of medications like blood thinners, insulin, and corticosteroids. It may also affect the effectiveness of certain herbal supplements, like ginkgo biloba and saw palmetto. People with liver problems should also avoid taking DHEA, as it is metabolized in the liver. It is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen to ensure there are no adverse effects or interactions with existing medications or supplements. How Long Does It Take for DHEA to Work? The length of time it takes to see results from taking a DHEA supplement can vary depending on multiple factors. Some people may notice an improvement in their symptoms within just a few days, while others may need to take the supplement for several weeks or even months before seeing any noticeable changes. It is important to speak with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen to determine the appropriate dosage and monitor any potential side effects. Additionally, it's important to keep in mind that DHEA supplements are not appropriate for everyone and that those who are pregnant, nursing, or have certain medical conditions should avoid taking them. DHEA Dosage The recommended dosage for a DHEA supplement varies depending on age, gender, and health conditions. Generally, the recommended dosage for men is 50–100 mg per day, while women are advised to take 25–50 mg per day. However, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen. Additionally, it is recommended to take DHEA supplements in the morning as the body naturally produces more DHEA during this time. It is also suggested to cycle DHEA use, taking it for three weeks and then pausing for one week before resuming. different individuals. Its role in supporting adrenal function, potentially aiding in conditions like adrenal insufficiency and depression, and influencing bone density and sexual health, offers hope for specific groups, especially postmenopausal women and the elderly. However, it's crucial to approach DHEA supplementation with caution and informed understanding. Men, particularly, may find limited benefits and should be wary of potential side effects like increased estrogen levels. Conclusion Before considering DHEA supplements, it's essential to get your DHEA-S levels tested. This is where DiscountedLabs.com can be an invaluable resource, offering affordable and convenient blood tests without the need for a doctor's visit in several U.S. states. Understanding your DHEA-S levels is the first step in determining whether supplementation is right for you. Remember, while DHEA has potential benefits, it's not a one-size-fits-all solution. Consult with healthcare professionals, consider potential interactions with other medications or supplements, and monitor your body's response to supplementation. As we continue to explore the benefits and limitations of DHEA supplements, it's essential to make informed, health-focused decisions, aided by reliable testing and professional advice. Turn to DiscountedLabs.com for your testing requirements if you're thinking about taking DHEA supplements so that you can make informed health decisions.

Did you know that testosterone deficiency has a prevalence of up to 40% in adult males in the United States? A man is deficient in testosterone when his T levels fall below 300 ng/dL of blood. Although this is slightly worrisome news, there are multiple testosterone replacement options you can take advantage of these days. This article focuses on some of the most important testosterone products in 2023. Keep reading to learn key facts, statistics, price ranges, and optimal dosages related to your favorite testosterone products. Top Testosterone Replacement Therapy Options You Have in 2023 Fortunately, there are many ways you can get more testosterone into your system. There are patches, pellets, gels, injections, and even oral capsules that you can take once or twice a day. If you don't really fancy having to inject testosterone once a week, you can take capsules orally and reap all the benefits of testosterone replacement therapy. The following is a quick list of testosterone replacement products you can take advantage of to increase blood T levels. Administration of T products should only be done according to the strict guidance of your TRT doctor. FDA-Approved Testosterone Brands Androderm: Androderm is a transdermal testosterone patch that delivers testosterone through the skin. It is applied daily to maintain stable testosterone levels in men with low testosterone due to certain medical conditions[1]. This option is no longer used by most doctors since its efficacy was not good and it caused skin irritation. AndroGel: AndroGel is a topical testosterone gel that is applied directly to the skin, typically on the upper arms, shoulders, or abdomen. It is designed for daily use to help maintain consistent testosterone levels for men with low testosterone[1]. It comes in two concentrations. Fortesta: Fortesta is another topical testosterone gel applied to the skin, usually on the front and inner thighs. It is used for testosterone replacement therapy in males with low testosterone levels[2]. Testim: Testim is a testosterone gel applied daily to the skin, typically on the upper arms and shoulders, to help maintain consistent testosterone levels in men with low testosterone due to certain medical conditions[1]. Depo-Testosterone: Depo-Testosterone is an injectable form of testosterone prescribed for men with low testosterone levels. It is administered by a healthcare professional at regular intervals, typically every two to four weeks[2]. Testopel is a subcutaneous testosterone pellet that a medical professional implants under the skin. The pellets release testosterone over an extended period, typically three to six months[2]. Aveed: Aveed is an injectable testosterone undecanoate solution designed for long-acting testosterone replacement therapy. It is administered by a healthcare professional at regular intervals, typically every 10 weeks after an initial loading phase[2]. Natesto: Natesto is a testosterone nasal gel that is applied inside the nostrils for testosterone replacement therapy. It is used to treat men with low testosterone levels due to certain medical conditions[2]. Vogelxo: Vogelxo is a topical testosterone gel applied daily to the skin, usually on the upper arms, shoulders, or abdomen. It is used for testosterone replacement therapy in males with low testosterone levels[2]. Xyosted: Xyosted is a subcutaneous testosterone enanthate autoinjector for weekly self-administration. It is prescribed for men with low testosterone levels due to certain medical conditions[2]. Jatenzo: Jatenzo is an oral testosterone undecanoate capsule that the FDA has approved to treat certain types of hypogonadism in men. It is taken orally to help maintain stable testosterone levels in men with low testosterone [2] Testosterone Treatment Prices and Dosing Androgel 1% Price for a 30-day supply (in USD): 55-85 for the generic pump, 90-190 for 50 mg generic packets; also, around 650 USD for Brand 50 mg packets Delivery mode: pump and/or packet Dosage: 25 mg/2.5 g or 50mg/5g Where to apply shoulders, upper arms or on the abdomen Starting dosage: 50 mg daily dose early in the morning When to measure: in the morning before applying the gel Androgel 1.62% Price for a 30-day supply (in USD): 40-140 for the generic pump, 620-640 for Brand pump Delivery mode: pump and/or packet Dosage: 20.25 mg or 40.5 mg Where to apply shoulders or upper arms Starting dosage: 40.5 mg daily dose early in the morning When to measure in the morning before applying the gel Testim 1% Price for a 30-day supply (in USD): around 600-610 for packets Delivery mode: pump Dosage: 20.25 mg per actuation Where to apply shoulders or upper arms Starting dosage: one pump on each shoulder for a total of 40.5 mg early in the morning, it can also be applied on inner thighs When to measure: in the morning before applying the gel Fortesta 2% Delivery mode: pump Dosage: 50 mg or 100 mg Where to apply shoulders or upper arms Starting dosage: two pumps daily in the morning on each thigh When to measure: 2 hours after applying a dose Vogelxo Price for a 30-day supply (in USD): 100-350 for 1% pump, 120-350 for generic packets Delivery mode: shoulders or upper arms Dosage: 50 mg from 4 actuations of 12.5 mg testosterone Where to apply shoulders or upper arms Starting dosage: 50 mg daily in the morning When to measure before applying a dose Androderm Delivery mode: patch applied at night after 10 PM Dosage: 2 mg per day, 2.5 mg per day, 4 mg per day or 5 mg per day Where to apply: abdomen, upper arms, thighs, back Starting dosage: 4 mg per day When to measure: 12 hours after skin application Natesto Price for a 30-day supply (in USD): 195-300 for 5.5 mg/actuation Delivery mode: intranasal pump Dosage: 5.5 mg per pump actuation Where to apply intranasal Starting dosage: 11 mg (2 actuations) 3 times per day at an interval of 6-8 hours When to measure: 2 hours after nasal application Jatenzo Price for a 30-day supply (in USD): around 950 for 237 mg BID pill Delivery mode: oral capsule Dosage: 158 mg, 198 mg, or 237 mg Where to apply oral Starting dosage: 237 mg capsule twice a day (one in the morning, one in the evening) When to measure: 6 hours after the morning dose Testopel Delivery mode: pellet Dosage: 75 mg per pellet Where to apply can be inserted under the skin, in the fat of the buttocks, thigh or lower abdominal wall Starting dosage: 150-450 mg every 3 to 6 months When to measure: at the end of the dosing interval Aveed Delivery mode: injectable solution Dosage: 100 mg/10 ml vial, 200 mg/1-10 ml vial or 750 mg/3 ml vial Where to apply: intramuscular in the glute or thigh muscles Starting dosage: 750 mg (3 ml) in the beginning, then after 4 weeks then after every 10 weeks; 75-100 mg/week also or 150-200 mg every 2 weeks When to measure: injections are administered every 10 weeks and T measurement should be done somewhere in between injections (after 5 weeks or so since the last one) Xyosted Price for a 30-day supply (in USD): 455-575 for 50 mg, 75 mg and 100 mg injections Delivery mode: the solution is placed in the autoinjector Dosage: 50 mg, 75 mg or 100 mg respectively Where to apply: in the abdominal region under the skin Starting dosage: 75 mg applied under the skin once a week When to measure T levels: trough concentrations are measured 7 days after the most recent dose and only after 6 weeks since the beginning of treatment. These are just a few popular testosterone replacement products available in the US. Keep in mind that you can also procure testosterone enanthate in 5 ml (1000mgs) vials from certain pharmacies. This option usually costs less than $30 for a 30-day supply and the testosterone can be injected by each patient without requiring a doctor's visit. Similarly, TRT patients can also choose to use generic testosterone cypionate or enanthate as 400 mg to 800 mg per month that can be injected into muscle (deep IM or shallow IM) or under belly fat (subcutaneous) . The price for a 30-day supply starts at around $30 and it can go up to $85 . (Source: GoodRx). Other affordable sources of testosterone treatments can be purchased from compounding pharmacies like Empower in Houston. Check Out How AUA and ES Guidelines Differ on Testosterone Ranges AUA stands for American Urology Association and ES stands for Endocrine Society. They provide detailed insights and standards on how to interpret hormone levels and blood test results. In some cases, these committees can give different interpretations when it comes to testosterone levels. AUA Guidelines: What is a Normal Testosterone Range and Follow Up? According to the American Urology Association (AUA), you should measure your testosterone levels in the morning in a fasted state to get accurate results. The normal range is between 450 ng/dL and 600 ng/dL of blood. If your levels fall below 300 ng/dL of blood, you are considered to be deficient in testosterone. If you start testosterone replacement therapy, your first evaluation should be between 2 and 4 weeks after beginning treatment. You will also have to attend follow-up visits 6 to 12 months after starting TRT. ES Guidelines: What is a Normal Testosterone Range and Follow Up? On the other hand, the Endocrine Society (ES) gives slightly different reference ranges. For example, the normal testosterone range is between 264 ng/dL and 916 ng/dL of blood. The best moment to test your T levels is early in the morning in a fasted state. Testosterone deficiency is confirmed if your T levels fall below 264 ng/dL of blood.  TRT follow up visits should be done after 2-3 months and after 6 to 12 months from the start of your testosterone replacement protocol. How to Get Your Own Affordable Testosterone Test Remember that now it's easier than ever to check your testosterone levels and see if you are a suitable candidate for testosterone replacement therapy. If your T levels fall below 350 ng/dL and have low testosterone symptoms then you should talk with a TRT doctor and see what testosterone replacement options you have. Check your testosterone levels quickly and confidentially by ordering a total and free testosterone test from DiscountedLabs today. Key Terminology and Facts About Testosterone It's important to also have some basic understanding of how testosterone works in the body, so you can make better decisions when talking with your TRT doctor. For instance, the Leydig cells in your testicles produce more than 95% of your testosterone. Testosterone daily production ranges from 3 mg to 11 mg and it peaks early in the morning. Healthy adult males have the highest concentration of testosterone early in the morning and it gradually drops throughout the day. That's why the best time to measure your T levels is early in the morning to get accurate results. Natural Testosterone Short half-life - your testosterone has a half-life between 10 and 100 minutes. It peaks once every 3 hours as the luteinizing hormone stimulates the Leydig cells to produce more testosterone. With the passing of time, these cells become less sensitive to LH and they produce increasingly low T levels. It's estimated that males lose about 1% of their testosterone production every year after the age of 30. 2 percent is free; about 2% of your total testosterone level is free. This means that it circulates freely through the bloodstream and it can bind to other organs or tissues. 70% of your testosterone is bound to sex hormone-binding globulin and nearly 30% is bound to albumin. Testosterone metabolism - fractions of your testosterone are converted into other hormones and substances. For example, from 5% to 8% of your testosterone is converted into dihydrotestosterone (DHT). This hormone is responsible for prostate maturation and the growth of the body, as well as facial and pubic hair. About 0.3%–0.5% of your testosterone is also converted into estradiol by the aromatase enzyme. Some of the main roles of estradiol in men are involved with libido and bone health. Trough concentration - this refers to the lowest  concentration of a drug in the bloodstream immediately before injecting or administering another dose. It's highly recommended to measure your testosterone levels at trough concentration because this will produce the most accurate results. Based on these results, TRT doctors can make more accurate adjustments to your protocol. Find Out More About Testosterone Products! This is just a brief overview of some of the most popular testosterone products in the US, but there's plenty more high-quality information out there. Visit Excelmale.com and learn everything you need to know about testosterone, TRT, how to interpret your blood test data, and how to tweak your protocol for optimal results. Also, you can download the Testosterone Replacement Options paper from this link.   References: [1] "FDA-approved testosterone formulations include the topical gel, transdermal patch, buccal system (applied to upper gum or inner cheek), and injection. The manufacturers of two prescription..." URL: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/postmarket-drug-safety-information-patients-and-providers/testosterone-information [2] "by Drugs.com Brand names of testosterone include Androderm, AndroGel, Fortesta, Testim, Depo-Testosterone, Testopel, Aveed, Natesto, Vogelxo, Xyosted, Jatenzo, Tlando, and Kyzatrex. Testosterone is an androgen indicated for testosterone replacement therapy in males." URL: https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/brands-testosterone-3510863/   Recommended Sources: Testosterone Replacement Therapy Options | Excel Male TRT Forum Testosterone Replacement Products in the U.S.: Video Review by Nelson Vergel - ExcelMale Testosterone Test Near Me: Your Complete Guide Testosterone levels show steady decrease among young US men